Browsing by Author "Škvareková, Iveta"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 22

AEROjournal - celé číslo 1/2019
(University of Zilina, 2019) Novák, Andrej; Lusiak, Tomasz; Kováčik, Ľubomír; Škultéty, Filip; Čerňan, Jozef; Rostáš, Ján; Bugaj, Martin; Pecho, Pavol; Lusiak, Tomasz; Janovec, Michal; Urminský, Tomáš; Škvareková, Iveta; Kandera, Branislav; Ažaltovič, Viliam
ASSESSMENT OF THE MENTAL STATE OF PILOTS
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Chodelka, Frederik; Škvareková, Iveta
The main aim of this article is to define and evaluate current status of the problem, to point out insufficient or even missing mental health examinations of pilots and possible fatal consequences including air accidents caused by pilots’ mental health. According to actual regulations, mental health examinations are being provided only during the first aero-medical examination when applying for first class medical certificate. Today, the mental health is not being evaluated even during the regular examinations for the first class certificate neither for other classes certificates. The mental state of pilots is almost never checked which can mean a real danger for civil aviation. The results of not controlling mental state of pilots might lead to fatal accidents and innocent lives losses. The analysis of air accidents covered in this thesis is based on accidents’ investigations final reports and other relevant sources. Also, the knowledge gained from interviews with experts is applied. Even though the air accidents caused by psychical state of pilots are infrequent, the examinations of pilots’ mental health should not definitely be underrated and neglected.
Comparison of pilot's workload during NDB and ILS approaches
(University of Zilina, 2021) Fedáš, Július; Škvareková, Iveta
The paper is focused on the comparison of workloads of pilots during the precision ILS (Instrument Landing System) approach and non- precision NDB (Non-Directional Beacon) approach. For the needs of our work, we used technology to measure heart rate variability, which was used to collect the authoritative data needed to analyze the workload and stress levels of the tested participants. Our study involved four pilots, who were divided into two groups, a group of beginner pilots and advanced pilots. Practical measurements were performed on the flight simulator L410 UVP-E20, which is located in the premises of the Flight training and education center of the University of Žilina. The aim of our work was to find out and compare to what extent the workload during NDB and ILS approach of pilots with different levels of practical and theoretical experience will be different and also to compare these two approach systems with each other. We chose the final phase of the flight, due to its complexity and overall demands on piloting, which in this case has been the precision approach and non- precision approach. Practical measurement and analysis of the obtained data showed that the tested pilots indicated significant differences in the level of workload, resulting from their experience.. We also noticed a slight difference after comparing the two approaches. The conclusion of our work contains a summary of the measured results, as well as the perspective of the contribution of measuring the workload to the future and its use in a wider range
Development of security measures at public international airports in relation to the history of threats against civil aviation
(University of Zilina, 2021) Pojedinec, Benjamín; Škvareková, Iveta
The security and safety of civil aviation at airports is important given the level of risks faced by civil aviation. It is a threat of terrorist attacks, smuggling or cyber attacks. We are trying to prevent all these threats and thus protect the health and safety of passengers. The paper deals with the issue of safety in civil aviation. The primary goal of paper is evaluation of the current situation at selected Slovak airports with regard to safety. The paper is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is required to present a theoretical view of basic concepts in aviation history air strikes, present and future conservation and the impact of human factors on the safety of air transport. The essence of the practical part is the evaluation of the current situation in selected Slovak airports and the implementation of a qualitative survey with the help of a questionnaire. Based on the analysis and the results of the questionnaire survey, suggestions are provided to improve safety at selected airports.
DĹŽKA REAKČNÉHO ČASU PILOTA PRI VYBRANÝCH LETOVÝCH ÚKONOCH
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Sloboda, Peter; Škvareková, Iveta
The main aim of this paper is methodics proposal of the reaction time of a pilot measurement by the various flight operations. It is possible to use a several methods when doing the reaction time measurement. We proposed to apply the video camera device GO PRO and the Eye Track Glasses (ETG). Due to the health and safety, the process of measurements happened at the simulator L-410, which is equipped with the glass cockpit. In order to achieve the objective results we propose to test the pilots of various numbers of flown hours. The whole process of the testing flight is proposed in the methodology. The testing flight is aimed to find out the biological perceptions of human as a reaction to the various impulses. As a result, we will compare the time difference of the reaction to the visual, acustic and audiovisual impulses, which are controlled by an aircraft in the event a threat to flight safety.
EFEKTIVITA VÝCVIKU PILOTOV NA DIAĽKU
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam
Although the topic of unmanned aerial vehicles is very acutal, in most cases attention is paid to the safe integration of unmanned aerial vehicles in airspace, their uses and their reliability. But the safe operation of drones is based on the correct and effective training of drone pilots. The paper deals with the training of pilots of unmanned aerial vehicles, defining the scope of training and the possibilities of using UAV simulators for training. An important aspect is the complexity of knowledge about unmanned aerial vehicles, as training is not only a question of control skills, but also of theoretical knowledge of the UAV itself with which the flight is performed. Based on the measured data, it is clear that the simulator plays an important role during the training of piloting unmanned aerial vehicles, while providing a valuable basis for the transition to a type of fixed-wing flight configuration.
Experimental state of thrust testing of aircraft reciprocating internal combustion engine
(University of Zilina, 2020) Mrva, Matúš; Pecho, Pavol; Hrúz, Michal; Škvareková, Iveta; Bugaj, Martin
The project “Experimental State of Thrust Testing of Aircraft Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine” is aimed at creating a complex measuring device in order to obtain selected characteristics and parameters of the engine using different types of propellers. In addition to the basic measured parameters such as. thrust, temperature, speed and fuel flow will be a state of the art to test the latest prototype propellers designed for aircraft models. After its construction, the experimental state will be used as a study aid for testing various types of conventional as well as currently developed propellers, engine characteristics and teaching of the whole equipment in the process of teaching, training of aircraft mechanics and for presentation purposes of the University of Žilina.
FMEA ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC RESCUE PARASCHUTE SYSTEM FOR CIVIL AVIATION
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Pecho, Pavol; Gáborová, Miroslava; Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam
The article analyzes the topic of rescue parachute systems, with a focus on pilot parachutes used by civic aviation pilots in emergency situations. The work is in addition to pilot parachutes, focused and most ballistic rescue systems for aircraft and firing parachute systems, which fulfill an equally important role in aviation. The issue was analyzed by FMEA analysis, which was applied to the automatic rescue system. The outcome of this study is the evaluation criteria of current technical systems to reduce the risk number “R”. For each of the safety enhancement solutions, the article contains a separate proposal for technical improvements that are suitable for implementation in practice. Such solutions ultimately represent an increase in civil aviation safety as such.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pilot training
(University of Žilina, 2022) Butuk, Yosef; Škvareková, Iveta
The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on all areas of human development. The air transport industry has been forced to adopt virtually all of its activities to meet rapidly changing travel regulations and requirements. The main goal of this paper was to identify the impact of the pandemic on pilot training. For this purpose, an analysis of many aspects were carried out, such as, for example, the impact of the pandemic and related restrictions on the psychological state, physical health, and the very quality of education in these difficult times. The paper also contains information about the pandemic's impact on aviation in general and active pilots, and about how the pandemic affected them.
Impact of fatigue on pilot reaction time
(University of Zilina, 2022) Sloboda, Peter; Škvareková, Iveta
The main goal of the diploma thesis is to analyze the impact of fatigue on the reaction time of the pilot, its possib;ilities of elimination and ways of solving the problem, which greatly affects safety in air transport. The measurements took place at different times, in the morning and in the afternoon, on the basis of which we will compare the length of the reaction time to visual stimuli affected by fatigue. We performed measurements for safety reasons on the L-410 simulator. The simulator is equipped with two cameras based on which we will analyze the length of the reaction time.
The issue of glycaemia and heart rate variability of flight crew during emergency situations using HRV corsense elite
(University of Zilina, 2022) Pudíková, Alžbeta; Škvareková, Iveta
The purpose of this article is to research the issue of glycaemia and heart rate variability (HRV) of flight crew, while these physiological processes are investigated during emergency and abnormal situations on the flight simulator. Stressful situations, which pose dangerous emergency situations for pilots during the flight, raise blood sugar level to ensure the brain has enough glucose during stressful situations. The attention is also given to assessing the effect of fasting blood glucose on flight crew performance, stress and heart rate variability. We try to focus on the overall evaluation of the impact of the above physiological processes during flights in which selected emergencies occurred in order to increase the level of stress hormone – cortisol, which is produced during workload and stress. The autonomic nervous system and its parasympathetic and sympathetic branches affect the heart functioning and its activity. The methods used to measure blood glucose and heart rate variability are non invasive methods of measurement. The survey compares the results of measurements from samples of ten pilots studying the field of professional pilot. As proper eating habits are important for safe flight, we are trying to find out how the absence of food for at least 12 hours can affect pilot’s performance as well as heart rate variability in the research.
THE MEASUREMENT OF PILOT WORKLOAD
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam; Pecho, Pavol; Kandera, Branislav
The article is focused on objective measurement of pilot workload during IFR flight. For the purpose of our research, we decided to use eye monitoring technology to record eye movements to determine the pilot's performance. Eye monitoring provides data on the number of eye movements,number of visual intakes, number of saccades, number of blinks, fixations and the durations of these. Our study incorporated overall six pilots divided into two groups: the experienced and inexperienced. The measurements were performed on the ELITE S923 flight simulator located at Žilina airport, Dolný Hričov. Measurement and analysis of the data showed that the pilots showed significant deviations when comparing the two pilot samples. We also demonstrated various scanning techniques during ILS and NDB approaches. The conclusion of our work summarizes the measurement results and the use of eye track technology in the future.
Measuring of pilot workload
(University of Zilina, 2021) Plichta, Dávid; Škvareková, Iveta
The aim of our paper is to analyse the issue of measuring of workload and subsequently carry out our own measures of pilot workload on pilots of different skill level. These measures took place in a simulator, mainly due to safety of air traffic. The chosen phase of flight had been approach and landing, which represents the most difficult phase. We had also chosen two airports, where one presents an airport known to the pilot and the other unknown. This decision relates to the opinion, that the pilot workload is significantly lower has he experience with the airport
NÁVRH METODIKY VÝCVIKU A UDRŽATEĽNOSTI SCHOPNOSTÍ PILOTÁŽE BEZPILOTNÝCH LIETAJÚCICH PROSTRIEDKOV
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Ažaltovič, Viliam; Škvareková, Iveta; Kandera, Branislav
While the density of UAVs operations grow in the airspace the demands on their safe operation are increasing. Nowadays, the risk of an unmanned aerial vehicle colliding with an aircraft with another unmanned aerial vehicle or object is high as ever before. It is this ever-increasing danger that is the reason for training remote pilots, who will be able to safely control unmanned aerial vehicles. The goal of this article is to propose a pilot training methodology for the multicopter configuration of UAV. In the future, the proposed methodology may contribute to the development of rules for the training of remote pilots. The proposed methodology can be used in the future as a guide for the safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles for the general public.
PRAVDEPODOBNOSŤ NEHODY BEZPILOTNÉHO LETECKÉHO PROSTRIEDKU NA ZEMI V OBÝVANEJ OBLASTI
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Ažaltovič, Viliam; Škvareková, Iveta; Pecho, Pavol; Kandera, Branislav
The study in this paper defines the amount of the possible ground casualty risk of randomly falling out-of-control UAV on a picked flight path, which was defined from the city of Žilina to the city of Martin, which were 29 km apart. For this area, the probability of a third party casualties caused by lose of control during the flight of UAV, was calculated. For these calculations was used the Equivalent Level of Safety approach. The conclusion provides recommendations for safety improvements during planning flight routes for unmanned aerial vehicles.
Rovnosť pohlaví v sektore civilného letectva a postavenie žien-obchodných pilotiek
(University of Žilina, 2021) Remencová, Tatiana; Škvareková, Iveta; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
This article deals with the issue of the position of women in civil aviation sector regarding gender equality in the position of commercial pilot. The article is focused on the position of women and men in aviation sector form the position of equality in achieving of education, but also in the subsequent employment in the labour market in the Slovak Republic and in the world. The aviation market is currently probably the sector most affected by the crisis caused by the uncontrolled spread of COVID-19. The projected demand for air transport and the associated increase in the need for new skilled workers has turned into a precarious situation for all aviation workers within one year. The aim of the article is to compare the situation in the field of education of men and women as well as their subsequent employment as a commercial pilot in the Slovak Republic and in the world, but also to compare equality of access to education and subsequent applicability in the labour market in general. The aim of the article was to show whether the situation in the field of gender equality in the aviation sector is the same as in other sectors, or whether we still face discrimination today. The results of the article clearly showed that the employment of pilots on the labour market in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic is not in percentage terms at the same level as the percentage of female pilots who received university and academic education in the field of study professional pilot.
ROZPTÝLENIE POZORNOSTI PILOTA GNSS PRIJÍMAČOM POČAS VFR LETU
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Ondrejková, Ivana; Škvareková, Iveta
The main goal of this paper is to propose a methodology for measuring the distraction of pilot attention by GNSS receivers during flight in visibility. To carry out future research, we will use a vision tracking device, thanks to which we can monitor the collocation of the pilot's attention during individual tasks. There search will be attended by three pilots in training, according to the number of flying hours, they will be classified as beginner, intermediate and advanced. Testing will take place on the flight simulator L410 UVP-E20, which is located in the premises of LVVC ŽU at the airport in Dolný Hričov. The aim of the work will be to find out if and how much the GNSS receiver disturb the pilot during the flight in the flight level and during the visual approach to landing regarding to his experience and the number of flying hours. Subsequent analysis of the data provided by the questionnaires showed that a pilot with more flying hours, detailed theoretical knowledge and longer experience with a GNSS receiver should be less disturbe and should be able to effectively distribute his attention among all instruments. While a pilot with less number of flying hours without theoretical knowledge and previous experience with a GNSS receiver should be disturbed and inconsistent during visual landing.
Streamlining pilot training with new simulation technologies
(University of Zilina, 2021) Buránsky, Filip; Škvareková, Iveta
The aim of the paper is based on a theoretical analysis to define several new simulation technologies that serve to streamline pilot training. Theresult was an evaluation of the effectiveness of individual simulation technologies. Part of the paper were also developed partial goals, which conditioned the fulfillment of the main goal of the final work. The theoretical part is devoted to the analysis of current trends in air transport, the characteristics of pilot training and the use of advanced technologies in the aviation industry, the incorporation of virtual and augmented reality to improve and streamline training. Furthermore, the comparison of individual intelligent glasses based on their technical parameters and subsequent evaluation of the most suitable glasses in terms of efficiency and usability in training is investigated. The result of the work is the selection of the most suitable smart glasses due to several advantages in terms of efficiency, increased concentration and simplification of pilot training.
Study of reinforcement design h-profile of aircraft wing spar
(University of Zilina, 2020) Pecho, Pavol; Magdolenová, Paulína; Hrúz, Michal; Kováčik, Pavel; Škvareková, Iveta
In today's world, with ever-increasing safety requirements, there is a growing demand to maintain or reduce production costs. In aviation, in addition to factors like weight and related variables such as resistance to vibration, corrosion, temperature and other are also considered. The task of this paper is to analyse unconventional designs of wing beams with respect to the current requirements of the aviation industry. In the article, the authors analyse the possibilities of design modification either by adding ribs to the profile, or by changing the cross-section of the profile itself. In practice, such design changes would increase weight, production time and finances, but also increase strength and thus safety. All proposed changes were subjected to strength analyses by FEM (Finite element method) computer simulations. The article output is the selection of suitable designs for further observation and experimental verification to ensure comprehensive results for the possibility of implementation in practice. Despite the non-traditional shapes of the proposed wing beam cross-sections, the authors assume that traditional beam shapes will be gradually modified more efficiently.
Utilization of biofeedback for examination of differences in reaction to workload between inchoative pilots and chosen students outside of training program
(University of Zilina, 2021) Novák, Andrej; Škvareková, Iveta
Paper describes research applications of biofeedback on psychological resistance analysis. Using scientific methods paper evaluated influence of stress and mental resistance of probands: pilots in training so-called cadets and volunteers not involved in piloting of any kind, so-called „nonpilots“. Devices Muse 2 and CorSence Elite are used to examine R-R intervals, sympathetic/parasympathetic activity ratio and brain activity during each examination sessions. Theses also aim at answering two core hypotheses. Do the pilots have greater mental resistance against stress due to training and frequent exposure to a highly stressful environment? And, are we able to find the answer to the previous question using the biofeedback examination method? Nonpilot group had 2,47 times thinner R-R interval than the pilot group and also had SNS index 1,77 times higher than the one in the pilot group. Unusual data can be observed once we look at the PNS index. According to data calculations, the final PNS index in the pilot group is 0,816 and the nonpilot group 0,7075 This situation can be described by the known effect of physical subsystems which can deviate these indexes. Significant differences between examined values verify hypothesis which says frequent exposure to highly stressful environment causes high mental resistance against stress for pilots. It is also safe to say that cardiologic biofeedback is a reliable tool for complex examination of induces stress levels. It wasn’t managed to verify MUSE 2 technology due to inconclusive data. It is believed that distortion of data from MUSE 2 is a consequence of a hygienic face mask. This exposure of its weakness shows brand new information for using such technologies.