Žilinská univerzita v Žiline
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Item METHODOLOGY FOR INSPECTION OF RIVETED SAMPLES BY THE ECA METHOD(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Janovec, Michal; Čerňan, JozefThe eddy current method is very often used technique of non-destructive testing and evaluation of materials. The method is very suitable for the detection of cracks that result from fatigue or cracking as a result of stress corrosion. Eddy current testing can be performed with minimal part preparation and a high degree of sensitivity. The eddy current method is used for the detection of surface and subsurface failures, corrosion in aircraft structures, holes for fixing various components and thread cracks. The paper describes the application of the eddy current method ECA in the inspection of riveted joints of the produced sample. The riveted sample is made of aluminum sheets and countersunk head rivets. Simulated damages are created around the rivet holes on the riveted specimen. Artificially formed notches simulate cracks around the rivet holes, and aluminum powder is used to simulate corrosion of aluminum sheets. These damages are then scanned with an Olympus OmniScan MX flaw defectoscop and the results of the measurements are evaluated in this article. SAB-067-005-032 and SBB-051-150-032 are used for non-destructive measurements.Item ANALYSIS OF JET ENGINE COMPONENTS HEAT RESISTANCE IMPROVEMENT BY TBC COATING(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Čerňan, Jozef; Janovec, Michal; Cúttová, MiroslavaThe operation of jet engines in aviation is a very challenging task also in view of the high demands on the safety of such an operation. One of the most dangerous phenomena that affects the safe operation of these engines is the unstable work of the compressor. The object of the research in this article is to find appropriate and simple way to improve heat resistance of the MPM-20 experimental engine components, suffered by high thermal load, which resulted in the destruction of its gas turbine. A metallographic and microscopic analysis was carried out on the experimental specimens improved by TBC coating for decreasing of thermal conductivity. The results of experiments with TBC coatings shows decrease of the sample temperature for samples covered with TBC coating comparing to samples withou it. This fact can contribute to the development of new surface treatment of jet engine components with higher heat resistance and better reliability.Item POHONNÉ JEDNOTKY AKROBATICKÝCH LIETADIEL(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Dvoran, Filip; Čerňan, JozefThis paper aims to familiarize the reader with modifications of the engine parts of a light-sport aircraft necessary for aerial acrobatics. Modifications relating to the performance, operational capability, and resistance to the negative effects of the gravitational acceleration of acrobatic maneuvers to which the aircraft is subjected. First of all, the necessity of modification for the aircraft and its principle of operation is explained in the individual chapters. The secondary objective of the work is to introduce the design possibilities offered by manufacturing companies operating on the market, with the intention of the best product selection in the construction of acrobatic aircraft, with special requirements. The intention is to point out the factors that have to be taken into account when selecting products with their subsequent comparison in terms of technology used by the company for the best performance of the aircraft. The last chapter deals with the issue of aviation electrification, its use in aerobatic sports, and the advantages that the electric motor brings.Item MOŽNOSTI ZVYŠOVANIA VÝKONU LETECKÝCH PIESTOVÝCH MOTOROV A ICH VÝVOJ(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Goldschmidt, Jakub; Čerňan, JozefThe purpose of this paper is to refer to possibilities of increasing the power of the aircraft piston engine. In the first part of this thesis I analyze and point out, what in general aircraft piston engine is, what parts the engine is consisted of, and what types of piston engine we know. Further, it is focused on the types of these engines as well as the differences between them. At the core of this thesis I describe the possibilities for increasing the short-term power, or long-term power of the engines, their history and also their advantages and disadvantages.Item PROGRESÍVNE RIEŠENIA OVLÁDANIA ROZVODOVÝCH MECHANIZMOV PRE LETECKÉ PIESTOVÉ MOTORY(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Horák, Tomáš; Čerňan, JozefThe timing mechanism and its control represents the major part of this final thesis. In line with the latest requirements, efforts to discover a new solution that could improve certain parameters of the piston engines might have been marked as the main motivation behind the thesis. The initial part describes the actual piston engine, its operation principles and gradually follows to the timing mechanism. In this way, the reader acquires the knowledge necessary for a better understanding of the following chapters. We have described and compared individual options for controlling the timing mechanisms, which could be found in today´s piston engine. The main idea of this thesis was to analyse the progressive solutions of the control timing mechanisms. Further to that we analyse some specific solutions regarding operation and design, which could be potentially implemented in the aviation industry. Concluding part of the thesis includes, besides others, a pros & cons analysis of the system. Following that we also expressed our idea of how this system could be employed in the aircraft engines. On the one hand, we introduced a positive impact of such implication, but on the other hand, we identified a space for potential improvement.Item ELECTRIC MOTOR AS A REPLACEMENT FOR COMBUSTION ENGINE IN PROPULSION SYSTEM OF AIRCRAFT(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Michalík, Matúš; Čerňan, JozefMain aim of this paper is to acquaint readers with a new-formed trend in aviation, which is electrification of aircraft propulsion systems. In thesis I target to social-political, econo]mical and technical aspects of this kind of propulsion which have positive or negative tendency in next evolution of electric propulsion. With my mentor we assume that the main problem will be with energy density of Lithium batteries which is sixty time lower than density of comertional jet fuels. This problem we present in examples of three airplanes with different capacity and range. At the end of the thesis we presented the most interesting existing project of electrically-propelled aircraft and analyzethe main advantages of electric propulsion.Item MOŽNOSTI ZNIŽOVANIA ŠKODLIVÝCH EMISIÍ V LETECKEJ DOPRAVE(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Szarowski, Alec; Čerňan, JozefThis paper discusses the impact of air traffic on environment. The combustion of fuels causes creation of huge amount of harmful substances that are released to the upper atmosphere, where they influence the atmospheric reactions. Apart from fuels combustion, the conditions necessary for realization of air traffic, or the situations resulting from it, such as aircraft maintenance, noise, emergencies, etc., have negative impact on not only environment, but also health and comfort of people as well as flora and fauna, exposed to these conditions. Besides air traffic impacts on environment mentioned here above, this paper also describes the possibilities of their reduction and companies dealing with them.Item NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA PROTOTYPU VZDUCHOM POHÁŇANEJ VRTULE PRE ŠPECIÁLNE VYUŽITIE(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Frťalová, Petra; Čerňan, JozefNowadays, there is an increasing emphasis on innovation. Manufacturers are forced to constantly improve their products. Innovations take place also in aviation. Not only manufacturers but also consumers of aviation products and services accentuate the highest possible efficiency of products, both economically and ecologically. This paper provides a theoretical insight into the possible future of aviation by the development of a new type of aircraft propeller. The first part of this paper provides theoretical knowledge of propellers and lift. The second part consist of theoretical design of propeller powered by compressed air from external source. The model of such propeller is created in 3D CAD software. Very last part of this paper is the construction of such model by using a 3D printer to create the components of propeller, joining its parts into one prototype. The last part also contains the results of testing and provides ideas for further improvement.Item TBC VRSTVY A ICH VPLYV NA ZVYŠOVANIE TEPELNEJ ODOLNOSTI MATERIÁLOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Novakov, Mário; Čerňan, JozefPaper is dedicated to TBC protective elements, which are used to increase heat resistance of materials used in aircraft turbine engines. In individual sections are described in detail methods of protection and increase in heat resistance using TBC materials further described in the paper. Protective elements are applied to combustion chamber and the assembly behind it – turbine and exhaust nozzle of the jet engine. Paper is dedicated to general theory of turbine engine parts, TBC layers and final experiment. Significance of these TBC layers and comparison of the same material with and without TBC layer will be aim of the experiment with thermal camera and gas burner which will simulate environment of combustion chamber.Item NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA SPÚŠŤACIEHO SYSTÉMU EXPERIMENTÁLNEHO MOTORA SHAKER(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Šlenker, Filip; Čerňan, JozefThe aim of this paper is to design and construct a starting system for the experimental single-jet engine SHAKER. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical knowledge about turbine engines. It provides information on the principle of engine operation, working cycle and individual parts of the turbine engine. The second chapter describes turbine engine systems. It specifically focuses only on systems that are necessary for the operation of such a small experimental engine. The third chapter describes the design of the SHAKER engine and its parts. The fourth part of the paper includes the methodology and the desing of the starting system modeled on a computer with a 3D CAD software Creo Parametric. The actual implementation of the desing as well as the testing of the starting system are described and documented in the last chapter.