Žilinská univerzita v Žiline
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Item New regulations for UAS flights(University of Zilina, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Škultéty, Filip; Badánik, BenediktThe paper deals with the legislation in the field of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the Slovak Republic. The main goal of the paper is to analyse the current legislative framework, which sets the basic rules and restrictions. The article’s contribution is a description of the latest Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947. The solution to the issue consists of an analysis of the requirements for changes in current legislation based on people’s experience from practice. The reason for the changes is to facilitate flying with UAS for all user groups, provided that safety is maintained, and risks are minimised. These new regulations are causing the most significant changes, especially for organisations that will perform aerial work with the UAS in the Specific category. These organisations need to transform their operations manuals and extend the aerial work system with a risk analysis.Item VPLYV PODSVIETENIA PALUBNÝCH PRÍSTROJOV NA PILOTOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Škvareková, Iveta; Brezoňáková, Andrea; Kandera, BranislavThe Flight deck of a modern transport category aircraft is a highly refined, ergonomically; rigorously organised workplace. In such a small area, an extraordinary amount of information is required for the pilot to work, control and monitor the aircraft systems. With technological advances, however, the aircraft has become more and more complex and in some cases over automated. The amount of available information has increased and the limiting factor became how to efficiently display this information. Larger flight instrument displays have replaced conventional, analogue, instruments and can be combined with touch screen efficiency tools. Their ever-increasing size brings with them issues relating to light emissions and eye absorption. This research paper complements the current study and measurement of stress, fatigue and human factors with respect to increasing artificial light intensity experienced by Pilots on the Flight Deck. The authors present the results of several measurements taken using a flight simulator. For the purpose of our research, we decided to use eye monitoring technology to record eye movements to determine the pilot's performance. Eye monitoring provides data on the number of eye movements, fixations and the durations of these. The research results provide Air Operators, Airlines and aeronautical designers with valuable data on human behaviour and the reactions to Flight Deck environmental changes.Item NÁVRH METODIKY VÝCVIKU A UDRŽATEĽNOSTI SCHOPNOSTÍ PILOTÁŽE BEZPILOTNÝCH LIETAJÚCICH PROSTRIEDKOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Ažaltovič, Viliam; Škvareková, Iveta; Kandera, BranislavWhile the density of UAVs operations grow in the airspace the demands on their safe operation are increasing. Nowadays, the risk of an unmanned aerial vehicle colliding with an aircraft with another unmanned aerial vehicle or object is high as ever before. It is this ever-increasing danger that is the reason for training remote pilots, who will be able to safely control unmanned aerial vehicles. The goal of this article is to propose a pilot training methodology for the multicopter configuration of UAV. In the future, the proposed methodology may contribute to the development of rules for the training of remote pilots. The proposed methodology can be used in the future as a guide for the safe operation of unmanned aerial vehicles for the general public.Item EFEKTIVITA VÝCVIKU PILOTOV NA DIAĽKU(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, ViliamAlthough the topic of unmanned aerial vehicles is very acutal, in most cases attention is paid to the safe integration of unmanned aerial vehicles in airspace, their uses and their reliability. But the safe operation of drones is based on the correct and effective training of drone pilots. The paper deals with the training of pilots of unmanned aerial vehicles, defining the scope of training and the possibilities of using UAV simulators for training. An important aspect is the complexity of knowledge about unmanned aerial vehicles, as training is not only a question of control skills, but also of theoretical knowledge of the UAV itself with which the flight is performed. Based on the measured data, it is clear that the simulator plays an important role during the training of piloting unmanned aerial vehicles, while providing a valuable basis for the transition to a type of fixed-wing flight configuration.Item ASSESSMENT OF THE MENTAL STATE OF PILOTS(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Chodelka, Frederik; Škvareková, IvetaThe main aim of this article is to define and evaluate current status of the problem, to point out insufficient or even missing mental health examinations of pilots and possible fatal consequences including air accidents caused by pilots’ mental health. According to actual regulations, mental health examinations are being provided only during the first aero-medical examination when applying for first class medical certificate. Today, the mental health is not being evaluated even during the regular examinations for the first class certificate neither for other classes certificates. The mental state of pilots is almost never checked which can mean a real danger for civil aviation. The results of not controlling mental state of pilots might lead to fatal accidents and innocent lives losses. The analysis of air accidents covered in this thesis is based on accidents’ investigations final reports and other relevant sources. Also, the knowledge gained from interviews with experts is applied. Even though the air accidents caused by psychical state of pilots are infrequent, the examinations of pilots’ mental health should not definitely be underrated and neglected.Item THE MEASUREMENT OF PILOT WORKLOAD(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam; Pecho, Pavol; Kandera, BranislavThe article is focused on objective measurement of pilot workload during IFR flight. For the purpose of our research, we decided to use eye monitoring technology to record eye movements to determine the pilot's performance. Eye monitoring provides data on the number of eye movements,number of visual intakes, number of saccades, number of blinks, fixations and the durations of these. Our study incorporated overall six pilots divided into two groups: the experienced and inexperienced. The measurements were performed on the ELITE S923 flight simulator located at Žilina airport, Dolný Hričov. Measurement and analysis of the data showed that the pilots showed significant deviations when comparing the two pilot samples. We also demonstrated various scanning techniques during ILS and NDB approaches. The conclusion of our work summarizes the measurement results and the use of eye track technology in the future.Item CHANGES IN THE FIELD OF BACKROUND CHECK(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Lysina, Karol; Kandera, BranislavThe Aviation Security system, like other areas of civil aviation and almost all other human activities in life, is tied to skills, knowledge and experience. This is a look at changes in the field of background check.Item PRAVDEPODOBNOSŤ NEHODY BEZPILOTNÉHO LETECKÉHO PROSTRIEDKU NA ZEMI V OBÝVANEJ OBLASTI(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Ažaltovič, Viliam; Škvareková, Iveta; Pecho, Pavol; Kandera, BranislavThe study in this paper defines the amount of the possible ground casualty risk of randomly falling out-of-control UAV on a picked flight path, which was defined from the city of Žilina to the city of Martin, which were 29 km apart. For this area, the probability of a third party casualties caused by lose of control during the flight of UAV, was calculated. For these calculations was used the Equivalent Level of Safety approach. The conclusion provides recommendations for safety improvements during planning flight routes for unmanned aerial vehicles.Item VÝCVIK PILOTOV VRTUĽNÍKOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Hudáčková, Barbora; Kandera, BranislavThis paper describes basic helicopter pilot training, regulatory requirements for theoretical and practical training and specialized types of training in Slovak air force and helicopter emergency medical service Air Transport Europe. The aim of the work was to introduce the reader to helicopter training in the area of Slovak Republic in brief form and its possible use. The thesis also deals with the training of pilots themselves, and their perception of training.Item VÝVOJ LETECKÝCH PRÍSTROJOV BEZMOTOROVÝCH LIETADIEL(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Varholíková, Diana; Kandera, BranislavThe theme of this paper is the development of flight instruments used in gliders. First part of the thesis describes the history of gliding followed by closely related description of development of the instrumentation. This chapter also looks into the history of flight instruments and the comparisons in evolution of the instrument panels and their contents of the instrumentation of gliders, which differ depending of their use, i.e. recreational, training or competitive flying purpose. The next chapter enumerating the instruments that the glider must contain. The fourth part contains a description of modern instruments and systems that replace classical devices with gradual development and provide a number of new features and views to the pilot. The last part is the design of new instrumentation for the VSO-10 glider, which is owned by Aeroclub Poprad. The change in the cockpit includes three versions of the proposal, which differ mainly on the basis of pricing. The section continues with the procedures and measures necessary to approve the replacement or construction of new proposed equipment in this type of glider.