Žilinská univerzita v Žiline
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Item Súčasný stav a rozvoj systému pohybových plôch na letisku M. R. Štefánika(University of Žilina, 2024) Adamík, Jozef; Kazda, AntonínIn view of the dynamic development of air transport, it is essential that airport infrastructure is adapted to the requirements of modern aircraft. The thesis analyses the historical development of the infrastructure of M. R. Štefánik Airport (BTS). This research involves guided interviews and questionnaires with seven experts of practice who provided insight into the current state of the BTS airport. These experts were selected from five different areas, including BTS Airport, Air Navigation Service Provider (LPS), noise and vibration assessment (Euroakustik company), runway systems capacity, and the perspective of the Bratislava Metropolitan institute. The aim of the thesis is to propose appropriate recommendations for BTS Airport, the main proposal being the use of one runway (RWY) in 'mix mode' instead of using both RWYs at the same time. This proposal is supported by the cost of the RWY reconstruction, which has been compared with other airports in Europe and North America. To validate the capacity of a single RWY, the Airfield Capacity Spreadsheet Prototype Model (ACRP 79) will be used, in which several inputs have been adjusted according to BTS airport operations such as: aircraft operating from BTS airport, aircraft separations, aircraft approach speeds, and RWY occupancy time. The model simulates operations in August and December 2023 and projected operations in 2028. Other recommendations include modification of some taxiways (TWY), apron modifications, and analysis of the use of jetways on the apron stands. Finally, the impacts of a possible restriction of airport Curfew at BTS are also being examined.Item Possibilities of increasing the aerodrome fire category of Žilina Airport to level 5(University of Žilina, 2024) Kopúnek, Radovan; Kazda, AntonínThe aim of the article is to examine the possibilities of increasing the aerodrome fire category of the Žilina Airport to level 5 and to propose measures and recommendations necessary to achieve this goal. This can be achieved by analysing the currently valid legislation and regulations for the aerodrome fire category issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency and comparing it with the current situation at the Žilina Airport in terms of operation and provision of the rescue and firefighting service. Subsequently, based on the comparison, the article determines a new critical aircraft type for the airport and proposes a set of measures and recommendations necessary to increase the aerodrome fire category of the Žilina Airport to level 5 with regard to the frequency of operation and financial possibilities of the airport.Item An analysis of the observations and experiences in regard to the new format of snowtam report(University of Žilina, 2023) Drábek, Marek; Kazda, AntonínThis paper presents a new ICAO methodology for assessing and reporting runway surface conditions, commonly known as the Global Reporting Format (GRF) and its impact on flight crews and airline operation. It explains the background of the system and its effect on safe operation. Furthermore, it compares the current format of the SNOWTAM message with the old one applicable until November 2021. It also presents research which aims to enhance winter operations safety by gathering observations and experiences with the new format of a SNOWTAM report applicable as of 2021. The paper points out the experiences of flight crews gathered with a survey created by the author of this thesis. It also summarises the impact of the new methodology on airplane performance calculations backed by the research. The new system is expected to provide better understanding of the runway situation and give clearer information about contamination of the movement area.Item Airport operation disruptions(University of Žilina, 2022) Beťková, Kristína; Kazda, AntonínDisruptive events have a very strong potential to create a problem, spreading onwards to different participants in the chain of air travel. To minimalize the negative effects, this paper focused on how an airport can deal with disruptive operations effectively. The target of this paper was to come up with a step-by-step method, that airports could follow when coming up with a plan on how to manage their operations during these events. In order to reach this goal, it was essential to understand the principles causing disruptions and furthermore, categorizing them respectively. In addition to that, we had to find out what is the contribution of each category to the overall state of delays. Thanks to interviews with professionals at different international airports, we were able to come up with plans of trainings and exercises as a part of the suggested strategy. At the same time, in the proposed plan, several factors were mentioned, which were considered as an important part of the operations during interruptions that airports should not forget about.Item Noise load at the airport M. R. Štefánik in Bratislava(University of Zilina, 2022) Štefanec, Filip; Kazda, AntonínThe aim of the article is to describe the current state of noise pollution at the airport M.R. Štefánik and analyze the change in noise pollution when changing the occupancy level of the airport M.R. Štefánik in Bratislava. Another goal of the article is to design an optimal runway system that would be suitable for the future needs of the airport and to compare the current noise load of the current runway system with an alternative noise load when changing the configuration of the runway system. The article also briefly describes the noise, the factors influencing its spread in various environments, the reasons for the generation of noise in air transport and its negative effects on people or the environment.Item Problematics of air traffic noise around Trenčín airport(University of Zilina, 2022) Biskupič, Tomáš; Kazda, AntonínThe choice of the topic reflects long-term need of municipalities around the Trenčín airport to handle the situation regarding noise exposure from air traffic. The main goal of the thesis is to evaluate and to design optimal flight procedures and practices to decrease noise polution in the vicinity of the airport. In thesis we analyze public and flight crew and airport operator opinion from multiple points of view. We compare the perception of the public, their social situation to the present air traffic operations and flight practices. The thesis includes analysis linked to the by-laws, regulations and standards and recommended practices on Public Health Authority of Slovak Republic and European union egislation with respect to public noise regulations, flight rules, air law, flight safety and aircraft noise certification. We compare the issue to similar xamples of noise restrictions abroad.Item Changes in airport infrastructure caused by the historical development of aircraft(University of Zilina, 2022) Adamík, Jozef; Kazda, AntonínThe airport infrastructure is constantly influenced by the development of aircraft. It has always been, that the aircraft was first designed, and based on its performance parameters and geometrical characteristics, a space for the airport were sought to serve the new aircraft. Even today, we can see the different development of aircraft in different aircraft manufacturers, which determine how the airport infrastructure will change in the future. In the introductory chapters, we analyze several aircraft requirements for airports that have been affected by changes in ground infrastructure and the subsequent development of airports. The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to document the changes in the airport infrastructure caused by the historical development of aircraft. The discussed development of aircraft and reaches out from the beginning of aviation to the end of World War II through the era of jet aircraft to large-scale long-haul aircraft. Based on the creation of a database of aircraft and a description of typical aircraft representatives of the period, an analysis of their parameters and the described impact on selected airports is performed. Three historical international airports were selected for a detailed analysis of airport development. There are two analyzed airports in Europe: Munich Riem together with Munich - Franz Josef Strauß and Amsterdam Schiphol. In the United States, John F Kennedy Airport is chosen near New York City in terms of the highest airline utilization. Until 1951, selected airports were analyzed from historical footage and, after the publication of ICAO Annex 14 Aerodromes, also documented by changes in the regulation. Airports had to adapt to changes in environmental requirements and the introduction of new technologies in the form of more fuel-efficient and smaller commercial aircraft. One of the benefits of the thesis is to emphasize the need to plan airport changes in relation to the needs of aircraft technology in the future. This area includes the planning and modernization of runways (RWY), terminals, aprons and stands. At present, RWY design pays attention to reducing noise in suburban areas, reducing turn-round time at stands by using jetways, the number of taxiways (TWY) connecting the RWY to the airport and operating aircraft with a smaller code letter.Item The assessment of the catchment area of Žilina airport in terms of inbound tourism(University of Zilina, 2021) Kohútová, Alžbeta; Kazda, AntonínThe aim of the paper is to assess the catchment area of Žilina Airport in terms of inbound tourism, to consider the possibilities of its further development, and to assess potential traffic flows. The first chapter is devoted to the evaluation of current state and accessibility of the region within the realm of air travel. The second chapter describes the acquired theoretical knowledge about tourism which served as a basis for the Žilina Airport catchment area specification, as well as for defining activities, organisations and facilities crucial for the development of inbound tourism in the area. Another part of the final paper is a short questionnaire which details the interest of spa facilities in the airport catchment area to attract groups of clients who utilised air travel. The results obtained from the questionnaire served as a basis for the last chapter which describes potential customers and traffic flows.Item Life cycle assessment of the environmental impacts of transport infrastructure and individual modes of transport(University of Zilina, 2021) Kováčiková, Kristína; Kazda, AntonínThe paper is focused on the assessment of the environmental impacts of transport infrastructure and individual types of transport using the life cycle assessment method. The paper contains a description of the basic terminology of the problem related to transport, the environment and methods of environmental impact assessment. The paper contains analysis on monitoring carbon dioxide emissions from a global perspective as well as from a regional perspective focused on Slovakia. The aim of the paper is to create a proposal for the assessment of environmental impacts of transport infrastructure, in the form of specification of areas of assessment for selected types of transport with a focus on carbon dioxide emissions. Using the knowledge and principles of the life cycle method, a proposal for relevant indicators and a proposal for a comprehensive assessment of the impacts of selected types of transport, focused on carbon dioxide emissions, is created in the paperItem Implementation of a new RWY reporting system and snowtam format in slovak republic(University of Zilina, 2021) Drábek, Marek; Kazda, AntonínThis paper presents the upcoming changes in the runway reporting format and the newly introduced SNOWTAM format. The aim of the paper is to draw comparisons between the current SNOWTAM format and the updated version applicable as of November 2021. The author analysed information from available documents published by the International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO, which describe the general conditions adopted to the new runway condition reports formulations. Since the author is enrolled in his pilot training, his objective when writing this final thesis, was to understand the issue of the changes. From this knowledge he can benefit in his future carrier. The paper points out new formats of reports of airport movement areas reporting conditions. As the new reports and techniques of reporting have not been used in real conditions yet, the author based the paper on the ICAO standards and recommended practices, ICAO and EASA guidance material. Introduction of the new methodology is expected to provide a better understanding of reports informing about contamination on movement areas, to ensure more precise aeroplane performance calculations and enhance the safety.