Žilinská univerzita v Žiline
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Item Trhové stratégie v BA so zameraním na Spojené štáty americké(University of Žilina, 2024) Bendík, Dávid; Tomová, AnnaThis paper discusses market strategies in business aviation with a focus on the United States. The first part of the paper is devoted to the definition, origins, and historical evolution of business aviation. It also includes an appraisal of the global significance of BA with an emphasis on Europe and the United States. The second part of the paper explains why it is beneficial to analyse market strategies in BA in the United States. Close attention is given to two highly important market strategies. The third, practical part of the paper provides essential data on the nineteen business airlines discussed by the author, along with an analysis of their fleet structure. In this part, the paper also focuses on the market tenure of the individual BA companies, offers a comparative analysis of their product portfolios, investigates acquisitions and collaborations, and characterizes the United States business aviation segment using Porter’s Five Forces analysis. The last part of the paper is dedicated to the interpretation of the main findings. The analyses conducted in the paper were based on business airline websites, aviation internet magazine articles and a research website that concentrates on the business aviation sector.Item Politika obstarania lietadiel leasingom podľa modelu podnikania leteckých dopravcov(University of Žilina, 2024) Chynoranský, Jakub; Tomová, AnnaThe paper analyses the possible dependence of airline business models and the ratio of aircraft acquired through leasing in their fleets. The research sample consisted of 15 airlines, with 4 categories of business models represented: low-cost (LCC), 2 hybrid and full-service network business model (FSC). Based on the results obtained, we can conclude the dependence of business models and leasing ratio in the case of research sample. The demonstrated dependence was confirmed in the analysis when the scale of the fleet was taken into account. The findings confirm the view of the authors describing the low-cost business model as the one with a higher tendency to acquire aircraft by leasing, and, on the contrary, the traditional network model with a lower tendency. However, unlike other authors' studies, we have shown that the increase in the proportion of leased aircraft in fleets over the 2018-2022 study period was experienced by carriers in all business model categories, and the rise in the leasing market was not driven by growth in one business model - FSC. We propose to include the ratio of leased aircraft in the airline fleet among the attributes of the business model analysis, but an important step is to consider fleet size. We recommend conducting a similar analysis on a wider sample of airlines and continuing to research this topic.Item Komparácia konkurencieschopnosti leteckých dopravcov EÚ a ASEAN v konktexte novej bilaterálnej dohody o službách leteckejdopravy(University of Žilina, 2024) Patková, Denisa; Tomová, AnnaThe comparison of competitiveness of EU and ASEAN air carriers in the context of the new bilateral agreement on air transport services, thesis analyzes the agreement and also analyzes financial and operational indicators of selected airlines from both regions. Based on the collected data and evaluation of the results, i tis possible to idetify the factors that affect the competitiveness of these carriers and formulate recommendations to strengthen them.Item Letiskové sloty a trhový mechanizmus(University of Žilina, 2024) Suchanovský, Matúš; Tomová, AnnaThe paper discusses the issue of airport slots and possible implementations of market mechanisms into the airport capacity allocation system. To understand the key facts related to slot allocation, it contains a basic theoretical definition. Subsequently, the paper focuses on slot allocation rules in the EU. The views from the literature on the introduction of a slot market mechanism in the EU are also confronted, with a focus on primary and secondary trading as well as on the possibilities of involving third parties in the trading system. Furthermore, experiences with airport slot trading in the UK and the US are described. Alternatives for future developments in the EU are also set out, with a focus on reform of the slot allocation system in the UK and the European Union. An evaluation of the findings is presented at the end of the paper.Item State aid to airports as a problem of competition in the EU(University of Zilina, 2021) Furčáková, Stanislava; Tomová, AnnaThe paper deals with the issues of state aid to airports in the context of pandemic and competition in the European Union. Covering the current pandemic, the paper brings findings on the number of state aid cases, forms of state aids, chronology of state aids, and the time duration between the notification and the decision of European Commission. In the conclusions, old member states of the European Union are compared with newer member states in this regard. As it shows that European Commission understands current aviation situation and approves measures notified by the Member states of Union.Item The importance of scheduled air traffic for airport existence(University of Zilina, 2021) Hromcová, Martina; Tomová, AnnaThe importance of scheduled air transport for the existence of airports is a topic that is constantly relevant, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, which has negatively affected operations at all world airports, disrupted its regularity and thus its direct and indirect effects on the region. This work focuses on airports dependent on the operation of scheduled air transport from several perspectives. After an initial study of the available literature on the importance of scheduled air transport for the existence of airports, we defined the terms demand and supply factors of the airport influencing scheduled air transport. One of the key parts of the work is the calculation of the critical number of airport movements, which represents the break even point in the amount of production in which the airport shows no loss but also no profit. The reasons for the abolition of scheduled air services, such as the occurrence of a military conflict near the airport or insufficient research of the demand for air traffic in the area, are described in the chapter analyzing European and global airports with canceled scheduled air traffic in individual case studies. The chapter also deals with the alternative uses of airports themselves, which were forced to terminate their function for the public. Airports and their equipment are highly specialized for use in air transport operations and therefore operators and their subsequent owners often face difficulties in finding alternative uses. An essential part of this work is an analysis of the response of selected European airports to the outbreak of Covid-19 in 2020 and a comparison of the number of passengers carried at these airports in 2019 and 2020. The final chapter contains a summary of findings and the call to change transport policies in the benefit of airports and their protection from future aviation pitfalls such as the Covid-19 pandemic.Item Implementation of artificial intelligence at airports(University of Zilina, 2021) Jágerský, Martin; Tomová, AnnaThis paper deals with the trend of implementation artificial intelligence systems at airports, its meaning and impact on the operational performance and functioning of the airports themselves. After summarizing the theoretical knowledge and examining the current state of the problem, there is created a raster of selected crucial operational processes of airports in which artificial intelligence has been implemented so far. The processing of this raster is based primarily on findings of the implementation of AI systems at five selected hub airports. In the paper, there is also examined a status and prospects of the implementation of artificial intelligence in the form of a questionnaire, especially at airports with a smaller number of handled passengers. This paper also discusses the operational and security implications of this implementation, such as faster check-in, easier baggage handling, easier traveling with biometric technologies, improved security controls at airports, improved operational performance with airport robots and more effective elimination of spreading the diseases at airports. The subject of possible economic and sociological consequences is also approached, due to the possible change in the nature of job from the point of view of airport employees and the creation of a certain kind of cooperation between them and artificial intelligence. The conclusions of this paper also include a proposal for a stronger representation of this area in the study program "air transport" with subsequent possible innovation or creation of new school subjects, in order to gain a deeper knowledge to new graduates in this field.Item International expansion of ground handling service providers at the airports(University of Zilina, 2021) Hluško, Daniel; Tomová, AnnaThe goal of this paper was to measure and assess the international expansion of independent ground handling providers. Based on the results of individual measurements, we can state that each of the five most important independent providers of groundhandling services selected by us has already undergone a significant international expansion, and thus currently prefers the service of foreign airports to domestic ones. Globalization and the liberalization of the entire aviation sector have largely contributed to this fact, mainly due to the unlocking of market entry and the creation of more favorable conditions on foreign markets. Among the secondary objectives we have included an analysis of the state of the ground handling sector together with an analysis of the European liberalization Directive 96/67 / EC and its impact on the European groundhandling market. The main findings were that for example prices for the provision of ground handling services fell more sharply, while the quality of services increased and the number of providers at airports generally increased, which helped to increase the market share of third-party ground handling providers. The motive for the elaboration of the paper was the outdatedness of previous studies aimed at assessing the international expansion of ground handling service providers. Another motive was the elaboration of a proposal for a measurement method with regard to the performance of providers in foreign markets. The paper presents individual calculations with current input data and classification of providers in terms of the shape of global expansion, taking into account the current ongoing global pandemic Covid-19Item Regulatory framework for civil aviation between the EU and the UK after Brexit(University of Zilina, 2021) Vereš, Maroš; Tomová, AnnaThis paper deals with the topic of Brexit, and its objective is a complex description of the new regulatory framework of civil air transport in United Kingdom. The methods like description, analysis and synpaper were applied on extensive and diverse sources of information, e.g. case laws, regulations, studies or expert articles. The paper introduces a comprehensive set of facts that clarify the act of withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. The explanation of the new regulatory framework of civil air transport for the United Kingdom, and its impact on the United Kingdom and the European Union, brings contribution to the students of Department of Air Transport. The significance of the work is mainly in the timeliness of the topic, that could subsequently be used as an educational material in the field of air transport within the international economic relations.Item WHICH FACTORS ARE BEHIND THE EXISTENCE OF REGIONAL AIR CARRIERS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER COUNTRIES?(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Tomová, Anna; Novák Sedláčková, AlenaThis paper provides the design of two econometric models using the quantitative factors such as the existence of the low-cost carrier(s) in examined countries, GDP per capita, the area of countries, the number of inhabitants and other factors to answer the question which factors are behind the existence of regional air carriers in the EU´s member countries. One model (aimed at the existence of regional air carriers) was tested. The results of the test point to the necessity to work with the second version of the model in future. Such model would be aimed at the number of regional air carriers including also other variables (for instance old vs new member countries).