Porovnanie efektívnosti základných koncepcií UAV vzhľadom na prevádzkové podmienky

Abstract

Drones are increasingly being used in various fields to simplify and enhance human work. They are utilized for various purposes such as monitoring, mapping, agriculture, rescue operations, inspections, and many other goals. Their growing popularity has led to the need for selecting the appropriate type of drone for specific missions and operational conditions. The goal of this work was to compare the efficiency of the basic UAV concepts in relation to operational conditions, primarily multirotors and fixed-wing UAVs in various operational scenarios. Based on this analysis, a methodological tool in the form of a "Scoring System" was developed to assist users without technical knowledge in selecting the appropriate UAV. The system was designed as a universal tool and tested on two representative UAV concepts of similar size: the DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise (multicopter) and the senseFly eBee X (fixed-wing UAV). The "Scoring System" provides a simple and clear comparison of these drones based on criteria such as flight time, type of activity, accuracy and availability of RTK/PPK, maneuverability, environment, and operational conditions. Finally, a verification form was created, which was filled out by 16 experienced drone pilots to verify the functionality of the "Scoring System" in real-world conditions. The form contained specific scenarios in which the pilots, based on their experience and knowledge, had to select the appropriate type of drone for each task. This process helped confirm that the system is capable of correctly assessing UAV types and providing effective advice even for users without technical knowledge about drones. The results of this work can serve as a basis for further development of similar systems that will facilitate decision-making when selecting UAVs for the general public.