Využitie nových materiálov v konštrukcií krídel lietadiel

Abstract

In this Bachelor thesis, the topic of utilizing new materials in aircraft wings construction was addressed. The technical and physical properties of modern materials were examined in order to assess their potential to improve flight performance and reduce structural weight. The work includes an overview of the evolution from traditional materials such as wood, through aluminum and titanium alloys, to current composite materials. Parameters such as strength, weight, corrosion and fatigue resistance, as well as aerodynamic impact and sustainability, were evaluated. The study highlighted the significant advantages of modern materials, which enable weight reduction, increased strength, and improved aerodynamic performance of wings. A theoretical application of a new material was conducted, and its impact on flight performance was assessed through a conceptual design of the wings of the Discus-2 and ASW-19 glider models. To achieve the objective, computational methods based on MacCready’s theory, basic aerodynamic formulas, and available data from scientific sources were used. Parameters such as glide ratio, optimal speed, wing weight, and flight time on a 300 km course were evaluated. The conclusion of the thesis confirms that the application of innovative materials in wing structures represents a significant contribution to the further development of aviation, while also emphasizing the need for continued research and optimization of technologies.