Browsing by Author "Čerňan, Jozef"

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AEROjournal - celé číslo 1/2019
(University of Zilina, 2019) Novák, Andrej; Lusiak, Tomasz; Kováčik, Ľubomír; Škultéty, Filip; Čerňan, Jozef; Rostáš, Ján; Bugaj, Martin; Pecho, Pavol; Lusiak, Tomasz; Janovec, Michal; Urminský, Tomáš; Škvareková, Iveta; Kandera, Branislav; Ažaltovič, Viliam
ANALYSIS OF JET ENGINE COMPONENTS HEAT RESISTANCE IMPROVEMENT BY TBC COATING
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Čerňan, Jozef; Janovec, Michal; Cúttová, Miroslava
The operation of jet engines in aviation is a very challenging task also in view of the high demands on the safety of such an operation. One of the most dangerous phenomena that affects the safe operation of these engines is the unstable work of the compressor. The object of the research in this article is to find appropriate and simple way to improve heat resistance of the MPM-20 experimental engine components, suffered by high thermal load, which resulted in the destruction of its gas turbine. A metallographic and microscopic analysis was carried out on the experimental specimens improved by TBC coating for decreasing of thermal conductivity. The results of experiments with TBC coatings shows decrease of the sample temperature for samples covered with TBC coating comparing to samples withou it. This fact can contribute to the development of new surface treatment of jet engine components with higher heat resistance and better reliability.
Analysis of technical modifications to enable combustion of gaseous fuel in a turboshaft engine
(University of Žilina, 2023) Remšík, Matej; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this article is to investigate the feasibility of modifying turboshaft engines for gaseous fuel combustion. With growing concern for environmental sustainability and oil price volatility, there has been an increase in need for alternative fuels with gaseous fuels emerging as a potential alternative for traditional hydrocarbon liquid fuels. This article examines the technical modifications required to enable combustion of gaseous fuels in a conventional turboshaft engine, including changes to the combustion chambers, mportance of flame stabilization and also provides an insight into the potential benefits and challenges of such changes to the turboshaft engines.
Construction design of a three-cylinder two-stroke radial engine
(University of Zilina, 2022) Lubják, Peter; Čerňan, Jozef
The goal of modern society is to improve efficiency in all areas. Our goal is to convert the old engine parts into a functional power unit that is more efficient than the donor parts. Modern electric motors with high efficiency are our main competitors, but our motor has an advantage in a simple design that is easily serviced. We achieve low weight by using lightweight aluminum air-cooled cylinders. In my work, I deal with the fundamentals of two- and four-stroke internal combustion engines. The importance of primary and secondary forces caused by the movement of the crankshaft and pistons is also discussed. Of course, we'll go over how to fill the engine while it's running (carburetor/injection). Following that, I'd like to go over the overall functionality of the drive unit as well as the significance of specific components. In practice, we concentrate on simulating our experimental engine. The purpose of this entire article is to provide the foundational documentation for the subsequent construction of this power unit.
Design and implementation of an alternative Rotax 915is engine management system
(University of Žilina, 2023) Psárska, Vanesa Viktória; Čerňan, Jozef
The content of this article is design and implementation of an alternative Rotax 915is engine management system. In my research, I worked with a wide-spectrum control unit ECU MASTER designed for the optimization of the injection time of spark-ignition engines and also the control of the ignition advance taking into account several sensors of engine input parameters. The article was created as part of research into the issue of optimal control of piston engines. Current methods of controlling engines and their systems, in principle, allow very precise control of important systems of modern piston engines, especially with regard to the ignition and fuel system. The inclusion of microprocessor units with multiple options for input parameters allow the control unit to take into account even less important parameters, which, however, help the control unit to keep the engine running smoothly while maintaining high combustion efficiency. The elaborated design of a possible alternative engine control system is subsequently connected with the practical realization of this control system. The result of the research is the design of the control system of the Rotax 915is engine and the subsequent practical production and adjustment of the control unit under the name ECU MASTER, which verifies the universal applicability of such a unit for various combustion engines.
Design and implementation of engine test device for the M601 engine
(University of Žilina, 2023) Pukač, Andrej; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this article is to create a proposal and documents for the implementation phase of the engine test device for the Walter M601 engine, which after implementation will serve as a teaching and research aid for researching new alternative fuels, testing different variants of propellers and others. As part of our work, we are dedicated to the development of two entire future test segments of device, namely the test stand and the design of the monitoring and regulation part, where we use the original devices, manufactured in compliance with LUN, which was directly designed in the past for the M601 engine and its installation in the L-410 Turbolet aircraft. The design of the test stand will include a 3D design and documentation. The monitoring part will consist of the design of the monitoring panel, which will contain selected engine indicators and LUN sensors, which will be used from the defined solutions of specific requirements and the design of electrical wiring and power sources and modules for the operation of the monitoring and regulation part.
Design and implementation of equipment for partial use of combustion engine exhaust energy
(University of Zilina, 2022) Szarowski, Alec; Čerňan, Jozef
The content of the diploma thesis was the design and implementation of equipment for the partial use of exhaust gas energy of the internal combustion engine and the possibilities of using this equipment in internal combustion engines. The aim of this work is to design a scheme and 3D model of the converter for energy recovery from exhaust gases based on magnetohydrodynamics, and also to provide scientific information and inform the reader as much as possible about the theory of magnetohydrodynamics and the use of these theories in energy recovery. The work provides scientific information in the field of hydrodynamics, magnetohydrodynamics of engines and emissions and in the practical part is designed and built magnetohydrodynamic converter which was one of the main objectives of this work together with key information from the researched area and their application to the converter.
Design and implementation of the aerobatic fuel system of the M60 engine
(University of Žilina, 2022) Horák, Tomáš; Čerňan, Jozef
The paper deals with the specific modification of the M60 two-stroke engine so that the engine can be used in aerobatic conditions. In the introduction of the paper, the basic theory concerning piston two-stroke engines, the principle of operation of this engine, and the analysis of individual fuel systems is first discussed, with a focus on fuel injection systems and their components. Furthermore, the preparation of the fuel mixture is characterized together with the factors affecting it and also the basic characteristics of the engine control unit. In this way, the reader will gain the knowledge necessary for a better understanding of the following chapters. The motivation is to find a way to modify the non-aerobatic engine for the needs of aerobatic flight, and this modification includes a number of important advantages over the original fuel system design mentioned in the paper. At the core of the paper, we discuss the design of the fuel system, including important modifications, and also the practical implementation of this fuel system on the engine mentioned above. At the end of the paper, we evaluate the results of the work achieved by changing and modifying the fuel system on the M60 engine, including the achievement of the set objectives.
Design of a bladeless engine compressor based on magnetohydrodynamics
(University of Zilina, 2021) Stachová, Jana; Čerňan, Jozef
This article is a technical analysis focusing on the design of a bladeless compressor based on magnetohydrodynamics and the possibilities of its use. The aim of this work is to design new solutions in the field of aircraft compressors and to provide a comprehensive overview of scientific information on the topic. Emphasis is also placed on acquainting the reader with the basic principles of magnetohydrodynamics and the possibilities of its application in the field of aircraft propulsion units. The work is a combination of professional research of scientific information in the field of plasma and magnetohydrodynamics and a practical part whose goal is to create new design of a bladeless compressor using scientific observation and modelling methods. This design was also examined in the work using the method of comparison, which aimed to examine the design and its behaviour in different configurations. The main goal was to combine essential and key information from the researched area and apply it in a completely new way in designing new solutions in issued area
Design of lubrication system, design of motor bed, selecting of propeller for aircraft piston engine
(University of Zilina, 2021) Suk, Michal; Čerňan, Jozef
I will briefly address the three orientations of my paper in this scientific article. I will not go into details in the article. In the first part I will briefly describe the design procedure of a piston engine lubrication system, the requirements that a lubrication system should meet with respect to different types of piston engines and their focus, elements of the lubrication system and the properties of oils as lubricating fluids.In the next part I will describe the types and constructions of aircraft engine beds, technical requirements for aircraft engine beds and individual loads that the aircraft engine bed must withstand. In the last part I will focus on aircraft propellers. I will explain the basic principle of the propeller, the individual rules for selecting a propeller for a piston engine, safety requirements for an aircraft propeller and the dividing of basic types of aircraft propellers for aircraft piston engines.
Design of the system for the optimal composition of the fuel-air mixture of the M60 engine
(University of Žilina, 2023) Koša, Dávid; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of article is to design a system for maintaining the optimal composition of the fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine, to describe in more detail the principle of mixture preparation with the help of carburation, and in connection with this to explain the issue of exhaust gas temperature. In the first part, the work deals with the function, then the construction, individual types of carburetor, direct and indirect fuel injection. In the second part, attention is paid to the mixture as such, its composition and especially the appropriate ratio of air and fuel. Subsequently, he deals with the issue of the temperature of the cylinder heads and the temperature of the exhaust gases, where he explains how exhaust gases are formed, what they are composed of and what effect they have on the independent operation of the engine. The last part is dedicated to the description of the experimental engine M60, in which the given parameters, construction and partially described development procedure of this experimental type of engine are briefly characterized, but also contains a proposal of a technical solution that will allow control of the composition of the mixture based on the analysis of exhaust gases.
Design optimization of a compressor stage with counter-rotating rotors
(University of Zilina, 2021) Šajbanová, Kristína; Čerňan, Jozef
The paper deals with the design optimization of the compressor stage with counter-rotating rotors, especially in order to create a model which, due to its parameters in real operation, would achieve the maximum possible values of efficiency. The primary goal of this work is to create a design of a compressor stage with counter-rotating rotors from a theoretical point of view. The compressor stage model is created using Inventor modelling software and the subsequent design evaluation and optimization is based on airflow analysis of the compressor stage using Ansys Discovery Live software. The secondary goal is to point out the existence and application of innovative and progressive technology of rapid prototyping in the world of aircraft component production and at the same time to emphasize its benefits in comparison with conventional production techniques applied in the initial stages of aircraft component production.
ELECTRIC MOTOR AS A REPLACEMENT FOR COMBUSTION ENGINE IN PROPULSION SYSTEM OF AIRCRAFT
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Michalík, Matúš; Čerňan, Jozef
Main aim of this paper is to acquaint readers with a new-formed trend in aviation, which is electrification of aircraft propulsion systems. In thesis I target to social-political, econo]mical and technical aspects of this kind of propulsion which have positive or negative tendency in next evolution of electric propulsion. With my mentor we assume that the main problem will be with energy density of Lithium batteries which is sixty time lower than density of comertional jet fuels. This problem we present in examples of three airplanes with different capacity and range. At the end of the thesis we presented the most interesting existing project of electrically-propelled aircraft and analyzethe main advantages of electric propulsion.
Fuels for carbon neutrality in aviation
(University of Žilina, 2023) Valášek, Denis; Čerňan, Jozef
Aviation is one of the fastest-growing industries, but its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions cannot be ignored. In recent years, the development of alterna-tive fuels for aviation has gained increasing attention to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. This thesis provides an overview of the current situation in aviation, focusing on the use of conventional jet fuels and the need for alternatives. Various types of alternative fuels for aviation are presented, including biofuels, syn-thetic fuels, and hydrogen. The dvantages and disad-vantages of each type of fuel are analysed, as well as the current production methods and their potential for com-mercial use. With a greater focus on biobutanol as an alternative fuel.
Ignition system and their purpose in aircraft reciprocating engines
(University of Žilina, 2023) Vorlíček, Marek; Čerňan, Jozef
This research describes the function and principles of ignition systems in aircraft reciprocating engines. Physical-chemical processes, which are part of combustion, and the factors affecting them are defined in detail. Types of ignition systems are divided based on main parts and frequency of appearance in aircraft engines. Components of ignition and their function in electric and magnetic circuits are individually described. The future development in ignition systems is defined. The research includes an analysis of the pros and cons of laser ignition in its application in aviation. It presents Low-Temperature Combustion or Volumetric Ignition using Low-Temperature Plasma. An example may be the Microwave-assisted Plasma Ignition System. Engine speed and vacuum in intake are the main parameters influencing the ignition timing curve in Electronic Control Unit Master developed by IMF Soft. This ECU is used in the designed ignition system of testing engine. The designed timing curves were tested, and the results of engine power and torque were compared. In conclusion, the optimal timing curve is evaluated for this reciprocating engine.
Ignition systems of combustion piston engine and possibility of its optimization
(University of Zilina, 2021) Vorlíček, Marek; Čerňan, Jozef
This paper explains the basic definition of ignition, combustion and description of the ignition system functionality. The ignition systems are divided according to established criteriums into the most used types and descriptions of each ignition system components. It focuses on ignition timing and circumstances that affect it and how they influence the observed parameters. I am using ignition timing as an instrument for the observation and optimization of ignition. These practices are tested on piston engine in the practical part of this paper. It describes the modification of the timing curve, measuring of engine power and comparison between each curve. It is an analysis of engine performance under different conditions. The most efficient timing curve is chosen and further evaluated. The used engine for this paper was a rebuild from a car engine used in Trabant 601, VEB Automobilwerke automobile.
IMPLEMENTÁCIA PALIVOVÝCH ČLÁNKOV V ALTERNATÍVNEJ POHONNEJ SÚSTAVE LETÚNOV
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Valentovičová, Laura; Čerňan, Jozef
This paper is focused on the research of the implementation of fuel cells in an alternative aircraft propulsion system. Regarding the fact that the world’s population is growing and fossil fuel reserves are gradually depleting, the aviation industry considers fuel cells as a substitute for traditional aircraft propulsion systems. The first chapter deals with the generation of thrust in aircraft propulsion units, where the principle of thrust generation is defined as well as the factors affecting it. This chapter further compares engine thrust generation with jet propulsion and propeller propulsion and includes division of aircraft propulsion units, too. The second chapter begins with the history of the origin, development, analysis, and principle of operation of fuel cells. The chapter also includes information about the hydrogen fuel cell, description of hydrogen production and its fundamental information, and the use of hydrogen or fuel cells in aviation. The possibilities of using fuel cells in the creation of alternative aircraft propulsion, where the analysis of the issue is defined from the point of view of several companies, are discussed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to the socio-economic problem of an alternative aircraft propulsion system based on fuel cells. Comparison of the overall effectiveness of two propulsion units (namely turboprop engine and fuel cell combined with electric motor) resulting in the fuel cell being favourable due to its greater efficiency is included as well. The chapter defines the application of fuel cells not only in aircraft propulsion system but emphasises their other advantageous functions. The fourth chapter is concluded with the description of the role of hydrogen and fuel cells from an environmental point of view as well as economic challenges in commercialisation. In conclusion, although the costs of the implementation of fuel cells are significantly higher than combustion engine costs, the overall costs should be comparable after a longer period of fuel cell operation due to their higher efficiency and thus lower fuel consumption.
Innovation options for selected M60 engine systems: ignition system and engine parameter monitoring
(University of Zilina, 2022) Suchanovský, Matúš; Čerňan, Jozef
The topic of this paper is the possibility of innovating the ignition system of the M60 engine. The main part is the practical solution of the assignment. It shows the condition of the original ignition system, which was innovated in this work. It was a contact ignition system with a fixed advance, using a system of hammers. This solution was replaced by a new type of ignition, specifically an electronic ignition system that allows to change the ignition advance depending on the engine speed and load. The main parts of the new system consist of a control unit and a Hall sensor. It is these two components that make the main difference compared to the original ignition system. We deal with a more detailed description of design, construction and installation in the practical part. We paid attention to the design, the wiring diagram and its installation. At this stage, we addressed the possibilities of fastening a Hall sensor. The use of old components for assembly was not possible, so we proceeded to the design and production of new ones. The innovative ignition system will allow the engine to achieve higher power, lower consumption and the proportion of pollutants in the exhaust gases.
Innovation options for selected systems of M60 engine: exhaust system and engine cooling
(University of Zilina, 2022) Lapínová, Branislava; Čerňan, Jozef
Our article deals with the design and construction of a resonant exhaust system and cooling system for the M60 engine. In introductory part, the article provides the reader with a final overview of two-stroke. In the next chapter, the focus is only on the resonant exhaust system. The article of the reader informs about the basic principles of resonant exhaust systems and points out their fundamental effect on power, torque and fuel consumption. Subsequently, the article gets to the calculation of the resonant exhaust system and its execution. The final chapter deals with the cooling system and solves the design optimization of the shape of deflectors. Both in the previous chapter and in this chapter, it first deals with theoretical knowledge, design and subseguent production of deflectors.
Koncept vrtuľového propulzora pre široký rozsah rýchlosti letu
(University of Žilina, 2024) Ivan, Jakub; Čerňan, Jozef
This thesis is focused on creation of propeller concept for wide range of flight speed. The part, which is discussed in the thesis is creation of design for blade motion mechanization, that can reach variable diameters. Apart of creation of this design, the thesis offers historic overview of propeller development throughout the years. Mechanization is designed in 3D environment. The software used for design is Autodesk Inventor. Design isn´t calculated of given engine. The outcome of this thesis is to give perspective for constructers, whoever would want to construct this idea in reality, not 3D environment only. The design in 3D environment is working as it should and when motion is launched, blades are really changing the diameter. In the design study, radius difference between extended and reduced blades is more than 300 millimeters. Desing complies with the task.