Práce a štúdie - Vydanie 14

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/934

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Analysis of the implementation of Part-147 in the environment of air transport department and aviation training and educational centre
(University of Žilina, 2023) Vyskoč, Lukáš; Rostáš, Ján
The following article is announcing author analysis of EASA Part 147 regulation and its application for the creation of the Maintenance Training Organization under Aviation Training and Educational Centre (ATEC), and Air Transport Department (ATD) in the University of Žilina (UNIZA). Introduction of article includes main targets and methodology of its processing. In the beginning of the work, it deals with theoretical outcomes derived from current regulations relevant to Part 147 with corresponding Applicable Means of Compliance (AMC) which brings essential basics of the MTO. The main part consequently elaborates substantial chapters with direct overview of conditions and requirements to be fulfilled by personnel, environment and full scope of manuals and procedures included in the facilities of UNIZA located in the Airport Žilina. Upon current (existing) conditions it identifies all requirements to be implemented in MTO to satisfy its initial audit and certification. To the most practical outcome of this article belongs MTO manual processed in line with all regulations and their local implementation on the ATEC and ATD environmentincluding training modules and training conditions for on job training itself. In the final chapter there are instructions and recommendations for MTO development as well sustainability of the processes to satisfy also the students' knowledge, skills and abilities for their future transport Authority examination and also for their successful applicability in practice.
An analysis of the observations and experiences in regard to the new format of snowtam report
(University of Žilina, 2023) Drábek, Marek; Kazda, Antonín
This paper presents a new ICAO methodology for assessing and reporting runway surface conditions, commonly known as the Global Reporting Format (GRF) and its impact on flight crews and airline operation. It explains the background of the system and its effect on safe operation. Furthermore, it compares the current format of the SNOWTAM message with the old one applicable until November 2021. It also presents research which aims to enhance winter operations safety by gathering observations and experiences with the new format of a SNOWTAM report applicable as of 2021. The paper points out the experiences of flight crews gathered with a survey created by the author of this thesis. It also summarises the impact of the new methodology on airplane performance calculations backed by the research. The new system is expected to provide better understanding of the runway situation and give clearer information about contamination of the movement area.
Construction of a meteorological station for the needs of sports aviation
(University of Žilina, 2023) Galko, Róbert; Jarošová, Miriam
In this research, we are dedicated to the design and construction of our own meteorological station and its use in sports aviation. In the first part of the research, we deal with meteorological elements that occur in the atmosphere and their measurement by instruments. In the next part, we focus on the importance of observing and measuring weather in aviation and we point out situations that may arise due to adverse weather. Subsequently, we describe the devices that we use at our meteorological station. We mention the ranges in which they measure and the ways in which the devices work. Towards the end, we devote ourselves to the design of the prototype of our weather station and its construction and programming for proper functioning. Finally, we compare the measured results of our meteorological station and the meteorological station at the selected airport.
Design and implementation of an alternative Rotax 915is engine management system
(University of Žilina, 2023) Psárska, Vanesa Viktória; Čerňan, Jozef
The content of this article is design and implementation of an alternative Rotax 915is engine management system. In my research, I worked with a wide-spectrum control unit ECU MASTER designed for the optimization of the injection time of spark-ignition engines and also the control of the ignition advance taking into account several sensors of engine input parameters. The article was created as part of research into the issue of optimal control of piston engines. Current methods of controlling engines and their systems, in principle, allow very precise control of important systems of modern piston engines, especially with regard to the ignition and fuel system. The inclusion of microprocessor units with multiple options for input parameters allow the control unit to take into account even less important parameters, which, however, help the control unit to keep the engine running smoothly while maintaining high combustion efficiency. The elaborated design of a possible alternative engine control system is subsequently connected with the practical realization of this control system. The result of the research is the design of the control system of the Rotax 915is engine and the subsequent practical production and adjustment of the control unit under the name ECU MASTER, which verifies the universal applicability of such a unit for various combustion engines.
Design and implementation of engine test device for the M601 engine
(University of Žilina, 2023) Pukač, Andrej; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this article is to create a proposal and documents for the implementation phase of the engine test device for the Walter M601 engine, which after implementation will serve as a teaching and research aid for researching new alternative fuels, testing different variants of propellers and others. As part of our work, we are dedicated to the development of two entire future test segments of device, namely the test stand and the design of the monitoring and regulation part, where we use the original devices, manufactured in compliance with LUN, which was directly designed in the past for the M601 engine and its installation in the L-410 Turbolet aircraft. The design of the test stand will include a 3D design and documentation. The monitoring part will consist of the design of the monitoring panel, which will contain selected engine indicators and LUN sensors, which will be used from the defined solutions of specific requirements and the design of electrical wiring and power sources and modules for the operation of the monitoring and regulation part.
Development of the design of an experimental long-range fixed wing uav
(University of Žilina, 2023) Suk, Michal
The goal of the article is the design and assembly of a flight-capable platform for testing an experimental hybrid drive developed within the grant project. The input for the entire work is designed for the highest take-off weight of 10 Kg and a pair of driving electric motors with a thrust of 5 Kg each (49,05 N). The content of the article includes basic theory, analyses, simple structural calculations and design methods, the design itself, construction methodology and work results. Analyzes in the article include analyzes of currently used types for the design and construction of hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles and analyzes of materials used for UAV structures with a piston propulsion unit, on the basis of which the design and construction of the UAV was proposed. As part of the design, the construction and design are recalculated and simulated both aerodynamically and strength-wise. Several software were used in the design and simulations: AutoCAD Inventor for modeling and strength analyses, Autodesk CFD for airfoil simulations and XFLR5 for the aerodynamics simulation of the UAV design. In the practical part, the production methodology is described in detail and illustrated with original photographs.
Digital media airline crisis communication
(University of Žilina, 2023) Máčadi, Marek; Badánik, Benedikt
This article explains what social media is and how influential can social media be. Focus of this paper is on usage of digital media by airlines during times of crisis. This article explains what digital media and Twitter are, how airline use Twitter as a social media platform to communicate with its stakeholders, customers and employees during crisis and how digital media can be used by airlines to efficiently communicate with interested parties. Furthermore, examples of inadequate crisis communication made by airlines during major crisis incidents will be shown as an example of what consequences can incorrect crisis communication cause.
Digital twin – new trend in aircraft maintenance
(University of Žilina, 2023) Plichta, Dávid; Bugaj, Martin
Safety has always been the main concern of successful aircraft operation. Key part of the operation has to be maintenance, which not only removes defects should they arise, but also prevents them from happening in the first place. For this very reason it is necessary to have a reliable maintenance program and practices. In recent years emphasis has been posed on thorough analysis of aircraft and its systems. This is made ever so easier thanks to tools such as the digital twin. Our goal is to research this recent trend and showcase its possibilities. This wouldn't be possible without our previous underlying studies about Industry 4.0, its related matters including maintenance, as well as digital twin itself. Finally, it is important to note that the main goal of our work is not necessarily the creation of the twin, but rather the subsequent measurements, tests and analysis.
Digitization of aircraft maintenance procedures
(University of Žilina, 2023) Pätoprstý, Matúš; Bugaj, Martin
This paper presents the results of research on the possibilities of implementing digitized procedures in the environment of heavy aircraft maintenance and deals with the design and implementation of digitized procedures in the hangar. The object of the paper is the maintenance procedures in section 10/20 of the BMD department in the company ATB s.r.o. which performs maintenance on the cabin and fuselage parts of the aircraft. In the paper we analyze current maintenance procedures in the designated department and xamines the effects of digitized procedures on increasing work efficiency. It proposes the method and individual phases of the implementation of digitized procedures. In the first phase, a solution is implemented to replace the paper form of maintenance documentation, used by mechanics during maintenance, with their digitized form. The other two phases are described theoretically. The thesis identifies obstacles associated with the implementation of the proposed procedures and offers possible solutions
Enhancing safety in glider flights
(University of Žilina, 2023) Gánovský, Martin; Kandera, Branislav
The theme of paper is to find out new possibilities in safety improvements during sailplanes flights, focusing primarily on flights when the separation with other traffic is reduced. At the beginning a summary of glider evolution across the centuries is made starting with the interwar period to the shapes that we know from the latest exhibitions. First part of the paper is followed by the analysis of the current available technical measurements which enhance safety and reduce the probability of in-flight collisions during various phases of flight, including latest and most modern technical implementations used by glider operators to enhance the safety of themselves and others. We will also look up for any available legislative rules based both on national civil authority regulations defined by state itself and for regulations that were created by Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) which covers most of glider competitions organized world-wide. In practical part we followed our thoughts about how to improve the current situation in this part of the aviation industry. In following steps, we decided to ask the glider pilots about their personal experience with reduced separation caused by nearby gliders during different phases of operations. Generally, there is a huge number of mid-air collisions during sailplane competitions and flight phases where pilots are crossing each other by minimal separation (mountain ridge flying). We decided to suggest minor legislative regulations and technical implementations to improve current situation world-wide and make these flights as safe as possible with minimizing of future incidents.
Flight corridor for hems and national crisis management committee with usage htaws during minimum visibility conditions
(University of Žilina, 2023) Posluch, Samuel; Petríček, Pavol
This paper presents a new possibilities and methods of Helicopter emergency medical service operation in marginal adverse weather conditions with using the helicopter terrain awareness and warning system and impact on safety of crew and operation. It explains current operations in Slovakia, the principle of helicopter terrain awareness and warning system. Subsenquently, analyzed accidents with most common cause – controlled flight into terrain. Furthermore it analyze, design and verify the possibilities of increasing safety operations for helicopter emergency medical service also summaries designed so-called corridor with verify flights for proposes additions for next higher level of safe helicopter operations.
Ignition system and their purpose in aircraft reciprocating engines
(University of Žilina, 2023) Vorlíček, Marek; Čerňan, Jozef
This research describes the function and principles of ignition systems in aircraft reciprocating engines. Physical-chemical processes, which are part of combustion, and the factors affecting them are defined in detail. Types of ignition systems are divided based on main parts and frequency of appearance in aircraft engines. Components of ignition and their function in electric and magnetic circuits are individually described. The future development in ignition systems is defined. The research includes an analysis of the pros and cons of laser ignition in its application in aviation. It presents Low-Temperature Combustion or Volumetric Ignition using Low-Temperature Plasma. An example may be the Microwave-assisted Plasma Ignition System. Engine speed and vacuum in intake are the main parameters influencing the ignition timing curve in Electronic Control Unit Master developed by IMF Soft. This ECU is used in the designed ignition system of testing engine. The designed timing curves were tested, and the results of engine power and torque were compared. In conclusion, the optimal timing curve is evaluated for this reciprocating engine.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aircraft leasing
(University of Žilina, 2023) Hanuliaková, Radoslava; Materna, Matúš
The article deals with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aircraft leasing. It describes the current state of leasing and airline companies and the overall impact on the aviation industry worldwide. The main objective is to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aircraft leasing and to correctly interpret trends in aircraft leasing during and after the time when the virus was prevalent. The conclusion is devoted to the description of the most advantageous solutions for this sector. As a result of all the issues examined, we have tried to predict what the aviation industry might expect in the coming years.
Marketing of low-cost carriers
(University of Žilina, 2023) Mihalčinová, Nikola; Badánik, Benedikt
The article deals with the marketing of low-cost airlines and marketing strategies. The article primarily focuses on three selected airlines - Wizz Air, Ryanair and easyJet. The aim of this article is to propose specific possibilities for improving marketing activities based on the theoretical basis obtained from relevant sources and the subsequent processing of the practical part. Proposals are based on the analysis of marketing strategies, including marketing mix, Porter's five forces model, perception map, passenger segmentation, BCG matrix and Ansoff matrix, and evaluate the success and effectiveness of airline marketing activities. The results of the analysis show that airlines could improve their marketing activities through various strategies, such as increasing investment in digital marketing, improving service and customer experience, adapting prices and product packages to the needs of different passenger segments, and expanding the market into new areas. These recommendations can help airlines improve their competitiveness and market success and contribute to their long-term success.
Optimization and sustainability of conventional propulsion units in the context of current environmental trends
(University of Žilina, 2023) Novák, Miroslav; Rostáš, Ján
This article focuses on the current situation in the aviation industry in relation to environmental trends. In the introductory part, the situation on the aviation fuel market, their production and their current price is presented, while the emphasis is on familiarization with a more ecological form of traditional fossil fuels, namely sustainable aviation fuel. The reader is informed about the current situation in connection with emissions and greenhouse gases produced by air transport and the effort to reduce them and in the future their complete elimination. The second part presents the approach of aviation authorities such as EASA, FAA and ICAO, as well as their goals for reducing emissions and greenhouse gases and current projects for sustainable aviation. The article focuses on the implementation of sustainable aviation fuel in aviation and the issues associated with its use. The third part deals with the latest projects of aircraft and power units manufacturers. Other strategies such as CORSIA and ETS are presented, as well as climate conferences dealing with this issue. We point out the different approaches of countries in connection with the issue of reducing emissions. In the conclusion, we will evaluate the current situation with the economy and ecology in aviation from a global point of view, the actions of the authorities, manufacturers and point out the shortcomings.
Overhaul of the piper cub aircraft replica in ultralight category
(University of Žilina, 2023) Kachel, Josef; Rostáš, Ján
The subject of this article is focused on the description of the overhaul process involving a classic aircraft design, which is registered under the administration of the Light Aircraft Association of the Czech Republic. The research is divided into three chronological parts; the introduction, the main part and the conclusion. The first part outlines the subject of the research and its individual objectives. The main part deals with the historical background of the Piper Cub type and the current state of operation in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, both from the technical and legislative point of view. A description of the given aircraft will follow and then, mainly, the elaboration of each part of the overhaul process and its individual procedures. Among the individual steps, there will be a description of the required process for increasing the maximum take-off weight of the overhauled aircraft. In the final part, the evaluation of the inputs described above will be performed and the results of the given study will be outlined. The research should provide a comprehensive description of appropriate maintenance and the overhaul process in complexity involving the vintage classic aircraft design under the legislation of the ultralight aircraft category. Another output will be the definition of a procedure for increasing the maximum take-off weight thanks to new, updated legislation.
Possibilities of implementation remote control towers concept at Slovak airports
(University of Žilina, 2023) Veselovský, Šimon; Badánik, Benedikt
The aim of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of implementing virtual control towers at airports in Slovakia. The introduction provides an overview of virtual control towers, including their concept, usage, advantages, disadvantages, and existing implementations. The paper outlines the requirements for implementing such a system and presents a preliminary design and analysis of virtual control towers for Slovakian airports. The study covers the design and evaluation of the implementation, from a general perspective to specific airport analysis, and proposes a plan for implementing virtual towers in Slovakia based on available information. In conclusion, the author discusses the financial and technical aspects of implementation, as well as an assessment of the suitability of this concept for Slovakian airports. Remote towers have been proven to be a viable option for small and medium-sized airports, offering increased flexibility and cost reduction through centralized remote control of multiple airports. However, implementing virtual control towers in Slovakia would come with significant financial implications.
Práce a štúdie - celé vydanie č.14
(University of Žilina, 2023)
Proposal and realisation of a modification to Al-9 engine for installing a free gas turbine
(University of Žilina, 2023) Supuka, Matej; Čerňan, Jozef
This paper focuses on the creation of a prototype connection of the AI-9 engine with a free turbine for creation of an experimental turboshaft engine. We go through theoretical knowledge about the issue in which we work on the basis of which we created solutions. We worked with the teaching aids of the Department of Aviation at the airport in Žilina. We prepared these tools for work in the workshop and we made minor adjustments to the engine to make it possible to carry out our work. In our work, we used a procedure called high-fidelity prototyping. This means that we created a digital model on which we applied solutions. We decided to transfer our prototype to the digital environment due to low financial and time costs. We faced several design problems, including the need for a stator, the gap between the guide tunnel and the rotor, or how to connect to other components. We managed to find preliminary solutions for these problems and created a digital prototype of the resulting assembly. Subsequently, we presented the positives of our results and the method of their application in practice.
Prospects for the development of Bratislava Airport and the influence of relations between airlines and the airport on the decisions of the airport management
(University of Žilina, 2023) Pojedinec, Benjamín; Rostáš, Ján
The research deals with the development of Bratislava Airport Milana Rastislava Štefánika. The primary goal of the work is to evaluate the current situation at Bratislava Airport, its equipment, layout, continuity of services, operational performance and evaluation of the airport‘s allocated and used capacity. The research is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, it is necessary to present a theoretical view of the basic concepts in aviation, the history of Bratislava Airport, the historical development of the number of passengers transported at this airport, the development of airlines operating in Slovakia and their influence on this airport, a brief evaluation of the number of destinations to which Bratislava Airport flies and considering the possibility of specializing this airport as a secondary airport for Vienna Airport. The essence of the practical part is the evaluation of the current situation at the Bratislava airport, the analysis of privatization possibilities and the implementation of a qualitative survey using a questionnaire. Based on the analysis and evaluation from the survey of the opinions of interested subjects, optimal alternatives for the further development of Bratislava Airport are provided in the context of broader management relations with airlines, as well as an evaluation of privatization options and their potential contribution to the development of Bratislava Airport.