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Item POHONNÉ JEDNOTKY AKROBATICKÝCH LIETADIEL(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Dvoran, Filip; Čerňan, JozefThis paper aims to familiarize the reader with modifications of the engine parts of a light-sport aircraft necessary for aerial acrobatics. Modifications relating to the performance, operational capability, and resistance to the negative effects of the gravitational acceleration of acrobatic maneuvers to which the aircraft is subjected. First of all, the necessity of modification for the aircraft and its principle of operation is explained in the individual chapters. The secondary objective of the work is to introduce the design possibilities offered by manufacturing companies operating on the market, with the intention of the best product selection in the construction of acrobatic aircraft, with special requirements. The intention is to point out the factors that have to be taken into account when selecting products with their subsequent comparison in terms of technology used by the company for the best performance of the aircraft. The last chapter deals with the issue of aviation electrification, its use in aerobatic sports, and the advantages that the electric motor brings.Item MOŽNOSTI ZVYŠOVANIA VÝKONU LETECKÝCH PIESTOVÝCH MOTOROV A ICH VÝVOJ(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Goldschmidt, Jakub; Čerňan, JozefThe purpose of this paper is to refer to possibilities of increasing the power of the aircraft piston engine. In the first part of this thesis I analyze and point out, what in general aircraft piston engine is, what parts the engine is consisted of, and what types of piston engine we know. Further, it is focused on the types of these engines as well as the differences between them. At the core of this thesis I describe the possibilities for increasing the short-term power, or long-term power of the engines, their history and also their advantages and disadvantages.Item PROGRESÍVNE RIEŠENIA OVLÁDANIA ROZVODOVÝCH MECHANIZMOV PRE LETECKÉ PIESTOVÉ MOTORY(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Horák, Tomáš; Čerňan, JozefThe timing mechanism and its control represents the major part of this final thesis. In line with the latest requirements, efforts to discover a new solution that could improve certain parameters of the piston engines might have been marked as the main motivation behind the thesis. The initial part describes the actual piston engine, its operation principles and gradually follows to the timing mechanism. In this way, the reader acquires the knowledge necessary for a better understanding of the following chapters. We have described and compared individual options for controlling the timing mechanisms, which could be found in today´s piston engine. The main idea of this thesis was to analyse the progressive solutions of the control timing mechanisms. Further to that we analyse some specific solutions regarding operation and design, which could be potentially implemented in the aviation industry. Concluding part of the thesis includes, besides others, a pros & cons analysis of the system. Following that we also expressed our idea of how this system could be employed in the aircraft engines. On the one hand, we introduced a positive impact of such implication, but on the other hand, we identified a space for potential improvement.Item ELECTRIC MOTOR AS A REPLACEMENT FOR COMBUSTION ENGINE IN PROPULSION SYSTEM OF AIRCRAFT(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Michalík, Matúš; Čerňan, JozefMain aim of this paper is to acquaint readers with a new-formed trend in aviation, which is electrification of aircraft propulsion systems. In thesis I target to social-political, econo]mical and technical aspects of this kind of propulsion which have positive or negative tendency in next evolution of electric propulsion. With my mentor we assume that the main problem will be with energy density of Lithium batteries which is sixty time lower than density of comertional jet fuels. This problem we present in examples of three airplanes with different capacity and range. At the end of the thesis we presented the most interesting existing project of electrically-propelled aircraft and analyzethe main advantages of electric propulsion.Item MOŽNOSTI ZNIŽOVANIA ŠKODLIVÝCH EMISIÍ V LETECKEJ DOPRAVE(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Szarowski, Alec; Čerňan, JozefThis paper discusses the impact of air traffic on environment. The combustion of fuels causes creation of huge amount of harmful substances that are released to the upper atmosphere, where they influence the atmospheric reactions. Apart from fuels combustion, the conditions necessary for realization of air traffic, or the situations resulting from it, such as aircraft maintenance, noise, emergencies, etc., have negative impact on not only environment, but also health and comfort of people as well as flora and fauna, exposed to these conditions. Besides air traffic impacts on environment mentioned here above, this paper also describes the possibilities of their reduction and companies dealing with them.Item NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA PROTOTYPU VZDUCHOM POHÁŇANEJ VRTULE PRE ŠPECIÁLNE VYUŽITIE(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Frťalová, Petra; Čerňan, JozefNowadays, there is an increasing emphasis on innovation. Manufacturers are forced to constantly improve their products. Innovations take place also in aviation. Not only manufacturers but also consumers of aviation products and services accentuate the highest possible efficiency of products, both economically and ecologically. This paper provides a theoretical insight into the possible future of aviation by the development of a new type of aircraft propeller. The first part of this paper provides theoretical knowledge of propellers and lift. The second part consist of theoretical design of propeller powered by compressed air from external source. The model of such propeller is created in 3D CAD software. Very last part of this paper is the construction of such model by using a 3D printer to create the components of propeller, joining its parts into one prototype. The last part also contains the results of testing and provides ideas for further improvement.Item TBC VRSTVY A ICH VPLYV NA ZVYŠOVANIE TEPELNEJ ODOLNOSTI MATERIÁLOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Novakov, Mário; Čerňan, JozefPaper is dedicated to TBC protective elements, which are used to increase heat resistance of materials used in aircraft turbine engines. In individual sections are described in detail methods of protection and increase in heat resistance using TBC materials further described in the paper. Protective elements are applied to combustion chamber and the assembly behind it – turbine and exhaust nozzle of the jet engine. Paper is dedicated to general theory of turbine engine parts, TBC layers and final experiment. Significance of these TBC layers and comparison of the same material with and without TBC layer will be aim of the experiment with thermal camera and gas burner which will simulate environment of combustion chamber.Item NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA SPÚŠŤACIEHO SYSTÉMU EXPERIMENTÁLNEHO MOTORA SHAKER(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Šlenker, Filip; Čerňan, JozefThe aim of this paper is to design and construct a starting system for the experimental single-jet engine SHAKER. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical knowledge about turbine engines. It provides information on the principle of engine operation, working cycle and individual parts of the turbine engine. The second chapter describes turbine engine systems. It specifically focuses only on systems that are necessary for the operation of such a small experimental engine. The third chapter describes the design of the SHAKER engine and its parts. The fourth part of the paper includes the methodology and the desing of the starting system modeled on a computer with a 3D CAD software Creo Parametric. The actual implementation of the desing as well as the testing of the starting system are described and documented in the last chapter.Item IMPLEMENTÁCIA PALIVOVÝCH ČLÁNKOV V ALTERNATÍVNEJ POHONNEJ SÚSTAVE LETÚNOV(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Valentovičová, Laura; Čerňan, JozefThis paper is focused on the research of the implementation of fuel cells in an alternative aircraft propulsion system. Regarding the fact that the world’s population is growing and fossil fuel reserves are gradually depleting, the aviation industry considers fuel cells as a substitute for traditional aircraft propulsion systems. The first chapter deals with the generation of thrust in aircraft propulsion units, where the principle of thrust generation is defined as well as the factors affecting it. This chapter further compares engine thrust generation with jet propulsion and propeller propulsion and includes division of aircraft propulsion units, too. The second chapter begins with the history of the origin, development, analysis, and principle of operation of fuel cells. The chapter also includes information about the hydrogen fuel cell, description of hydrogen production and its fundamental information, and the use of hydrogen or fuel cells in aviation. The possibilities of using fuel cells in the creation of alternative aircraft propulsion, where the analysis of the issue is defined from the point of view of several companies, are discussed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to the socio-economic problem of an alternative aircraft propulsion system based on fuel cells. Comparison of the overall effectiveness of two propulsion units (namely turboprop engine and fuel cell combined with electric motor) resulting in the fuel cell being favourable due to its greater efficiency is included as well. The chapter defines the application of fuel cells not only in aircraft propulsion system but emphasises their other advantageous functions. The fourth chapter is concluded with the description of the role of hydrogen and fuel cells from an environmental point of view as well as economic challenges in commercialisation. In conclusion, although the costs of the implementation of fuel cells are significantly higher than combustion engine costs, the overall costs should be comparable after a longer period of fuel cell operation due to their higher efficiency and thus lower fuel consumption.