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Item Automatický bezpilotný klzák ako nosič aerologických sond(University of Žilina, 2024) Kapustík, Samuel Michal; Pecho, PavolUnmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly being used to make our lives more enjoyable and easier, whether through the ability to capture key moments in our lives in high definition, or by automatically mapping hard-to-reach terrain, or even significantly assisting in the search for missing persons. This thesis discusses and approaches the possible expansion of the usability of unmanned flying vehicles, along with a proposal to create a more economical and environmentally friendly way of using aerological probes, such as the Vaisala RS41, to provide us with invaluable data needed to create accurate weather forecasts. Furthermore, the procedure for setting up such an unmanned flying vehicle using an advanced autopilot system is explained, and this thesis also includes specific results achieved in the experimental work associated with it. With the proposed solution, it will be possible to use the funds allocated to meteorological research and measurements.more efficiently.Item U-Space v podmienkach slovenskej republiky(University of Žilina, 2024) Bejdáková, Natália; Pecho, PavolUnmanned aerial vehicles are a dynamically developing industry. With the increasing number of remotely piloted aircraft, emphasis is being placed on ensuring safe operation in shared airspace with manned aircraft. In the countries of the European Union, including Slovakia, the concept of U-Space is gradually being implemented. The bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of the current situation in the operation of unmanned aircraft, current legislation, operation rules, and implementation of the U-Space concept in Slovakia. Attention is being concentrated on explaining the concept of U-Space and defining the services, including the responsibilities and obligations of the entities present in this system. The thesis proposes a set of possible implementation solutions to ensure more efficient and faster development in Slovakia. Based on relevant proposals, specific examples of how the situation would change after the implementation of the selected proposals are pointed out. An analysis of the findings based on collected data from the questionnaire is given to determine the level of awareness of the U-Space concept and the improvement of the educational situation in Slovakia. Finally, the technical and economic aspects of U-Space implementation are being evaluated and possible pros and drawbacks are identified.Item Konštrukčná optimalizácia anténnych systémov UAS(University of Žilina, 2024) Bernátová, Barbora; Pecho, PavolIn this scientific article, we will focus on the impact of various material on radio signal attenuation. In the theoretical part, we will take a closer look at the history of unmanned aerial systems, basic types of unmanned aerial vehicles and their practical usage. Furthermore, this paper describes the advantages of using the UAV for calibration the ILS and describes how electromagnetic signal transmission works. In preparation for the practical part, the article explains frequency bands and antennas, used in UAV communication. In the experimental part, the properties of individual materials and their impact on the performance of the radio modules are analysed. The outcome of the work is an analysis of signal attenuation measurements at three different frequencies. The measurement results showed that the greatest signal attenuation in each case was caused by the carbon due its conductivity. In terms of strength and permeability, we found that the PET-G cover increased the signal strength compared to the measurements without the cover. This analysis may helps in the design of covers for antenna systems and the UAV construction that ILS will calibrate in the UHF frequency band.Item Didaktické pomôcky veterného tunela(University of Žilina, 2024) Hronská, Marta; Pecho, PavolThe aim of the paper is to approach the issue of the flowing around didactic tools in the wind tunnel. Didactic tools are used for education and help in understanding the issue of aerodynamics. In the first part, the paper deals with theoretical knowledge about the wind tunnel and then describes the theory and laws of aerodynamics. The core of this work is the analysis of the given objects realized through numerical and experimental methods. By using CFD simulation of didactic tools, it was possible to obtain aerodynamic drag values, from which the values for the drag coefficient were calculated and then compared with tabular values from theory. Experimental verification of individual objects was carried out in a wind tunnel located at the Department of Air Transport in Dolný Hričov. The result of tests in the wind tunnel was the visualization of the air flow around the didactic aids. At the end of the work, both methods were compared and the reasons for deviations and inconsistencies were described.Item Design of particle image velocimetry system for the wind tunnel of University of Žilina(University of Zilina, 2022) Pancurák, Daniel; Pecho, PavolDue to always ongoing innovation in research ability of our research facility it was decided to innovate already existing wind tunnel by implementing system of Particle Image Velocimetry. Main goal of this thesis is to create sufficient technical solution for implementation of Particle Image Velocimetry measuring systems. This system will allow creation of accurate measurements of aerodynamic forces and visualise airflow direction and its strength. Implementation of this system consists of designing sufficient structure to allow proper mount and movement of laser light source, which will be high power laser and mount for camera, which will be used to capture images of airflow of measured parts. In terms of laser stand, the main goal was to simplify the construction to decrease costs of structure and to create room for future upgrades and implementations of possible motorisation and electronic controls. For main construction were chosen steel profiles with square cut and size of 30x30 mm to match already existing construction used to stabilise measured part in test chamber. Implementation of this system of measurement will increase research abilities and it will create room for more projects, which depend on this method of measurement. Particle Image Velocimetry has wide range of usage from automotive industry through aviation to designing of spray nozzles. This will create large research opportunities for other facilities and professionals from different parts of industry, since this technology will be one of the first implemented into wind tunnel in Slovakia.Item Noise optimisation of aircraft jet engines(University of Zilina, 2022) Veľký, Patrik; Pecho, PavolAviation industry is source of noise, which has negative impact to human health and significantly influences surrounding fauna and flora. Nowadays tendency and also a need of higher care about environment concerns the aviation sector as well, which has eminent negative aspects to environment. This study is concentrated on concept solution of changes of jet engine´s output parameters, especially focused on noise emissions, using shape changes of nozzle of created 3D jet engine model, what allows simpler, economic undemanding, but relevant resulting analyse of fluid flow through the engine. Object of the research is influence of the nozzle shape to the created noise effect, which was made by fluid flow going through this shape. The goal of the study is to make and analyse as much as possible ideal shape characteristics of jet engines with the reference to the noise. The result is evaluation of possibility to do some kinds of research and analysis of jet engines on 3D models of jet engines, their comparison with reference to another parameters, such as: thrust or fuel consumption. To completing research were used facilities, devices and places of Air Department, also necessary tools and other stuff which belongs to the owner of this study. For modelling 3D model of engine and nozzle shapes, was used computer software and production of these shapes allows 3D printer. Used methods for creating nozzles are with regards to real shapes of engine. Results and conclusions of this research are appropriate to be used in praxis of air or another industry, whose purpose is utilizing thrust units. With application of these data is possible the achieve reduced noise of certain unit, with some changes of other parameters, such as: increased or decreased fuel consumption or thrust, according to the initial requirements. Moreover, these results can be used not only for industrial purposes, but also are relevant for economics.Item Proposal of the FI (S) seminar program for DTO according to the conditions of CAA-ZLP-161(University of Zilina, 2022) Michálek, Tomáš; Pecho, PavolThe aim of this paper is to create a proposal for a seminar program for sailplane instructors. Since 2021, new European legislation has come into effect regulating the flight crew licensing. Part of this legislation is the obligation to attend a seminar for each instructor once every 3 years. The seminars can be organized by the declared training organizations (DTO), for which the organization of these seminars is new and have no experience with it, so this program proposal can help them organize the seminar. This research deals with current legislation, analysis of conditions imposed by EASA, analyses the current recommended flight instruction syllabus for new flight instructors together with the syllabus for training new pilots, analyses selected aviation accidents and finally analyses important chapters in aviation medicine.Item Methods of implementation PIV system in the wind tunnel of the department of air transport(University of Zilina, 2022) Remiaš, Matej; Pecho, PavolIn the early days of aviation, wind tunnels were developed to investigate whether an aircraft is capable of flying, and how capable it was of doing so.They are mainly used as a part of research of aerodynamic forces applied to a model of an aircraft or its parts. There are several methods of measuring the airflow inside a wind tunnel, however this manuscript is concerned with implementation of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), especially the software part, in the conditions of the wind tunnel of the Department of Air Transport. The functions of the software were investigated on the basis of a simple experiment. The poppy seeds were blown on white paper and the images were captured by the camera in slow motion as it moved from side to side and then the images were processed and analyzed. The amount of poppy seeds used varied.The results showed successful use of PIV software and it’s application directly in the wind tunnel of the Department of Aviation for research of the effects of aerodynamic forces in aviation, but also in other areas.Item System for early identification of local atmospheric changes in flight(University of Zilina, 2021) Dvorský, Richard; Pecho, PavolPaper “System for early identification of local atmospheric changes in flight” is aimed at creating a model of a new variant of instrumentation of non-powered aircraft by monitoring air parameters such as air temperature, static pressure and air humidity. We will use modern technologies to create this theis. This created device will work in the search for thermal currents. After next research as a tool in powered aircraft where it will function as a system for identifying local atmospheric changes that are dangerous for flight itself. Another possible use will be in transport aircraft to predict turbulenceItem Experimental state of tensile testing of aircraft reciprocating internal combustion engine(University of Zilina, 2021) Mrva, Matúš; Pecho, PavolThe main goal of the Paper "Experimental state of tensile tests of aircraft piston internal combustion engine" is to create an experimental and fully functional measuring stand for monitoring the parameters of a model internal combustion piston engine, using different types of propellers. The partial goals are the creation of a teaching aid, the construction of a unique facility and the creation of opportunities for research and development in this area by other students. Using a measuring device, it was possible to record the various operating characteristics of the internal combustion engine. Based on this, the usability of individual propellers for the measured internal combustion engine can be determined.