Zvyšovanie bezpečnosti a kvality v civilnom letectve 1/2020

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/122

Medzinárodná vedecká konferencia organizovaná v rámci riešenia projektu VEGA 1/0624/18 - Modely podnikania regionálnych letísk v kontexte dopravnej politiky štátu a Európskej únie.

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    Zvyšovanie bezpečnosti a kvality v civilnom letectve - celé číslo 1/2020
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020)
    Zvyšovanie bezpečnosti a kvality v civilnom letectve - celé číslo 1/2020
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    ALTERNATIVE ENGINE SYSTEMS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Novák, Andrej; Kováčik, Ľubomír; Lusiak, Tomasz
    The article deals with the operational characteristics of alternative aircraft propulsion systems and their impact on the environment. Recently, the issue of alternative aircraft propulsion systems has been brought to the forefront. Particularly with reference to the environment, which in the case of aviation is represented by reducing noise emissions while reducing CO2 emissions. These issues are properly addressed by ICAO in its agenda, defining standards for reducing aviation emissions in Annex 16. The University of Žilina has special laboratories dealing with the environmental impact of aviation and subsequent research aimed at reducing it.
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    SELECTED ASPECTS OF EUROPEAN AVIATION REGULATION AMENDED THE INITIAL AIRWORTHINESS
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Koblen, Ivan; Jančovič, Igor
    The introduction deals with importance of ensuring of high level of safety in civil aviation, initial and continuing airworthiness as well as mission of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). The authors inform about regulation and implementation framework of initial airworthiness focusing on selected information related to the so called New Basic Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 (exemption from this common rules for Member State in the design, production, maintenance and operation activities in respect of one or more selected categories of aircraft and regulation of rules for sport and recreational aviation) and application of adopted Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance Material (GM) for the Part 21 of Regulation (EU) 748/2012. Following further parts of this paper, the authors introduce the European plan for aviation safety, which consists of the complete set of EASA assignments regarding to rulemaking tasks (RMT). The important part of paper is focused on information concerning the change of Regulation (EU) 748/2012 and explaining the reasons and substance of these changes as well as presentation of several new tools, for establishing of several new instruments to support the implementation of simple and proportionate rules for aviation sport and recreational flying in the context of the revision of Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 and its Part 21 in the following areas: implementation of the relevant provisions of the New Basic Regulation, release of aeronautical parts without an EASA Form 1, the second phases of the integration of the safety management system and instructions for continued airworthiness.
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    ASSESSMENT OF THE MENTAL STATE OF PILOTS
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kandera, Branislav; Chodelka, Frederik; Škvareková, Iveta
    The main aim of this article is to define and evaluate current status of the problem, to point out insufficient or even missing mental health examinations of pilots and possible fatal consequences including air accidents caused by pilots’ mental health. According to actual regulations, mental health examinations are being provided only during the first aero-medical examination when applying for first class medical certificate. Today, the mental health is not being evaluated even during the regular examinations for the first class certificate neither for other classes certificates. The mental state of pilots is almost never checked which can mean a real danger for civil aviation. The results of not controlling mental state of pilots might lead to fatal accidents and innocent lives losses. The analysis of air accidents covered in this thesis is based on accidents’ investigations final reports and other relevant sources. Also, the knowledge gained from interviews with experts is applied. Even though the air accidents caused by psychical state of pilots are infrequent, the examinations of pilots’ mental health should not definitely be underrated and neglected.
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    AIRLINE HUBBING CONCEPTS
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Števárová, Lucia; Badánik, Benedikt
    New forms of cooperation between airlines have been in place since nineties. Airline alliances have been formed among network carriers. Before, cooperation of airlines was based on bilateral agreements on code-sharing of their flights. For instance, in 1989 KLM and Northwest agreed on large-scale code sharing. Nowadays, three major alliances might be recognized - Star Alliance, SkyTeam and oneworld. Together, they count for two thirds of total number of available seat kilometres. Airlines in alliances benefit from extended network and economies of scope and are prone to gain competitive advantage over the market by being able to offer more O&Ds and multiple routings via their hubs. Furthermore, they might save cost by sharing their capacity, facilities (gates, premium lounges) and equipment with partner airlines. Airline networks are defined by served markets, number of destinations, their configuration and airline business models. There are two concepts of network structures recognised nowadays: Hub and spoke and Point-to-point. This paper offers insights to the Hub and spoke concept. First of all, it examines hubbing concepts in general, it describes detailed aspects that influence passenger connectivity and on top of that it offers different hub airports wave patterns and airline hubbing concepts.
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    FAILURE RATE ANALYSIS IN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Bugaj, Martin; Pecho, Pavol; Janovec, Michal
    An aircraft is a complex object composed of many complicated and interrelated parts, components and systems. Reliability of all parts and systems is very important to aircraft because operation of aircraft can affect flight safe directly. Aircraft failure rate is an important parameter of aircraft operation to maintain the effective level of reliability. The failure rate is the probability of failure at a point in time. When a part, component or system is not functional it can be upgraded through replacement or repair, and the condition of the aircraft is restored to some degree. We can defined several approaches to aircraft maintenance. There are maintenance can be based on condition, which is, items are repaired when they fail. Failure during operation can have serious consequences, so detection of items with a high probability of failure through periodic inspection is a major component of maintenance. This paper analyses how we can define the aircraft failure rate and its impact on operational reliability of aircraft.
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    FMEA ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC RESCUE PARASCHUTE SYSTEM FOR CIVIL AVIATION
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Pecho, Pavol; Gáborová, Miroslava; Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam
    The article analyzes the topic of rescue parachute systems, with a focus on pilot parachutes used by civic aviation pilots in emergency situations. The work is in addition to pilot parachutes, focused and most ballistic rescue systems for aircraft and firing parachute systems, which fulfill an equally important role in aviation. The issue was analyzed by FMEA analysis, which was applied to the automatic rescue system. The outcome of this study is the evaluation criteria of current technical systems to reduce the risk number “R”. For each of the safety enhancement solutions, the article contains a separate proposal for technical improvements that are suitable for implementation in practice. Such solutions ultimately represent an increase in civil aviation safety as such.
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    OCCURRENCE OF SELECTED DANGEROUS WEATHER PHENOMENA AT ZILINA AIRPORT DURING THE YEAR
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Jarošová, Miriam
    Human activities are dependent on weather conditions. Aviation is a rapidly developing area of transport that is very sensitive to weather conditions and their changes. Therefore, thefocus of researchis on the occurrence of dangerous weather phenomena at and near the airport. Dangerous phenomena include visibility and storm-related phenomena. In this article, attention is paid to the occurrence of dangerous weather phenomena at the Žilina Airport, focusing on the occurrence of fog, mist, haze and storms in the years 2015 to 2017.
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    METHODOLOGY FOR INSPECTION OF RIVETED SAMPLES BY THE ECA METHOD
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Janovec, Michal; Čerňan, Jozef
    The eddy current method is very often used technique of non-destructive testing and evaluation of materials. The method is very suitable for the detection of cracks that result from fatigue or cracking as a result of stress corrosion. Eddy current testing can be performed with minimal part preparation and a high degree of sensitivity. The eddy current method is used for the detection of surface and subsurface failures, corrosion in aircraft structures, holes for fixing various components and thread cracks. The paper describes the application of the eddy current method ECA in the inspection of riveted joints of the produced sample. The riveted sample is made of aluminum sheets and countersunk head rivets. Simulated damages are created around the rivet holes on the riveted specimen. Artificially formed notches simulate cracks around the rivet holes, and aluminum powder is used to simulate corrosion of aluminum sheets. These damages are then scanned with an Olympus OmniScan MX flaw defectoscop and the results of the measurements are evaluated in this article. SAB-067-005-032 and SBB-051-150-032 are used for non-destructive measurements.
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    THE MEASUREMENT OF PILOT WORKLOAD
    (Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Škvareková, Iveta; Ažaltovič, Viliam; Pecho, Pavol; Kandera, Branislav
    The article is focused on objective measurement of pilot workload during IFR flight. For the purpose of our research, we decided to use eye monitoring technology to record eye movements to determine the pilot's performance. Eye monitoring provides data on the number of eye movements,number of visual intakes, number of saccades, number of blinks, fixations and the durations of these. Our study incorporated overall six pilots divided into two groups: the experienced and inexperienced. The measurements were performed on the ELITE S923 flight simulator located at Žilina airport, Dolný Hričov. Measurement and analysis of the data showed that the pilots showed significant deviations when comparing the two pilot samples. We also demonstrated various scanning techniques during ILS and NDB approaches. The conclusion of our work summarizes the measurement results and the use of eye track technology in the future.