Krízový manažment - Ročník 22.; Číslo 1/2023
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Item Krízový manažment - celé číslo 1/2023(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023)Item Analýza rizika iniciácie usadenej vrstvy prachu smreka vybranými iniciačnými zdrojmi(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Tureková, Ivana; Marková, IvetaThe article evaluates the minimal initiation temperature and hot surface temperature of the spruce dust layer using selected ignition sources. The influence of selected physical properties of wood dust, the size of the contact area between the ignition source and the combustible material, the ignition time, and the thermally degraded area are monitored. The article describes the behaviour of a 15 mm beech dust layer (Beech Fagus silvatica L.) under the action of three potential initiating sources: a hot surface, an electric spiral, and a smouldering cigarette. Prior to the experimental determination of the minimum ignition temperature, the dust moisture was determined and the sieve analysis was performed. The lowest minimum ignition temperature on the hot plate was 280 °C. The ignition mechanism of wood dust was comparable for all initiators investigated, differing in the ignition time and the area of the thermally degraded layer. The least effective was the initiating source of the smouldering cigarette.Item Politický systém a súčasná politická situácia v Bosne a Hercegovine: všeobecné voľby 2022(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Vaššová, TatianaThe aim of this article, based on an analysis of the political system of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the overall political situation in the country, is to assess the results of the general elections held there on October 2, 2022. These elections were probably the most watched elections of 2022, mainly because of the expected accession negotiations and the granting of the status of a European Union candidate country. The general election results were supposed to indicate whether Bosnia and Herzegovina is ready to join the ranks of developed democratic countries and whether it has finally become a functioning multi ethnic state. The methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and generalization were used to achieve the set goal. In the end, we will point out the impact of the election results on the current political situation, which, however, does not foresee any changes compared to the current situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Item Vplyv tepelného toku a retardérov horenia na proces iniciácie drevných materiálov(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Harangózo, Jozef; Tureková, IvanaThe paper studies the effects of heat flow on the flammability of wood materials when flame retardants are applied. Beech and spruce wood samples were treated with phosphorus- and carbon-based flame retardants, namely NH4H2PO4 and KHCO3 salts. Retarders were applied by spraying them on the surface of the samples. After their thermal stabilization, the parameter time until the sample ignited when exposed to the action of a radiation panel set to a maximum power of 15 kW was investigated. The results were recorded at different distances of 50, 70, and 100 mm from the radiation panel. KHCO3 was identified as the retarder with the highest efficiency based on the obtained measurements. Thermal decomposition analysis indicated that the improvement in flame retardancy of the treated wood was achieved by dehydration of the polysaccharides and the formation of a protective char shield due to the cessation of heat and oxygen transfer.Item Vyhodnocení reálných záznamů jízdy k zásahům z pohledu dynamiky jízdy(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Jánošík, Ladislav; Jánošíková, Ivana; Jonová, Karolína; Nováček, Vítězoslav; Poledňák, Pavel; Šudrychová, IzabelaThe paper briefly informs about the content, solution procedures, and selected results of the student grant competition project entitled “Verification of driving characteristics of firefighting vehicles of type water tender” (Id. No. SP2021/58). It summarizes the results of one of the two main project objectives, which is an evaluation of the emergency driving records of selected emergency firefighting vehicles of the type of water tenders with a focus on driving dynamics.Item Impact of fintech on systemic risk in banking: literature review(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Petrík, VladimírThe finance industry faces disruption when banks, as traditional incumbents, have to deal with growing competition from FinTech and BigTech companies. FinTech institutions are connected to traditional financial institutions like banks via various channels, constituting themselves as a part of the financial market and systemic risk with the possibility of spillover and risk contagion effects. The goal is to provide a literature review to detect theoretical perspectives, topics, and common issues in the connection between FinTech and systemic risk. A systematic approach to literature review was chosen, resulting in the analysis of 20 articles from the Web of Science database. Results confirm the positive connection between financial technology and systemic risk and call for future research.Item Porovnání koncepce jednotek požární ochrany obcí předurčených k plnění specifických úkolu ochrany obyvatelstva se zařízeními civilní ochrany(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Belica, OndřejThe article compares the fire rescue units of municipalities designated to perform specific tasks of civil protection with the civil protection facilities Basically it is a comparison of concepts based on the requirements of the relevant legal and other regulations, especially from the point of view of the possibility of using the compared entities, the requirements for their formation and the professional training of their personnel. Article turns out that the capabilities of both entities in fulfilling the tasks of civil protection and protection of the population are to some extent identical, they differ only in partial capabilities (e.g. providing first aid, anti-flood measures and pumping water, searching and recovering, etc.).Item Implementovanie testovania ochranných masiek do vyučovacieho procesu(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Kubás, Jozef; Kollár, BorisPersonal protective equipment finds its application in the civil protection system, especially during emergencies with the release of a hazardous substance. In a crisis event requiring the use of personal protective equipment, it is necessary for people to be able to use this equipment. The most common means of protection in civil protection warehouses are protective masks. Therefore, in this article, we have focused on comparing the CM-4 type protective masks and the more modern CM-5 and CM-6 variants through pilot testing. We used practical exercises for students of the Faculty of Security Engineering within the Civil Protection course to obtain data that allowed us to compare the protective masks. The aim of this paper is also to present a developed testing method that can be used to evaluate protective masks focusing on subjective qualitative characteristics.Item Emergence of the local reporting service in the former Czechoslovakia as an important part of civil air defence(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Kyselák, Jan; Janošek, MiroslavThe article briefly deals with the genesis of the local reporting service as part of civil anti-aircraft protection established in former Czechoslovakia in the mid-1930s. The purpose of this service was, among other aspects, a reaction to the threat of the outbreak of the Second World War and the associated possible use of the then-German air forces in this war, which again began to take shape in the middle of this decade. The preparation of the article is based on a content analysis of contemporary materials (especially magazines, legal standards, professional publications, etc.) devoted to the given issue. The authors conclude that the concept of a local reporting service was viable for its time, corresponded to the possibilities of the state and, at the same time, the maturity of the technical means that could support the activity of this significant service.Item Identifikácia a hodnotenie problémových objektov cestnej infraštruktúry z hľadiska prejazdnosti hasičskej techniky(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Leitner, Bohuš; Ballay, Michal; Krišanda, JánThe paper contains the characteristics and results of the proposed procedure for the locations and specific objects of the transport infrastructure identification in the selected territory, which may have a negative impact on the conditions for the smooth passage of firefighting equipment. The aim of the paper is the presentation of a practically focused procedure for identifying problem areas and objects on land roads from the point of view of fast and safe transportation of emergency equipment to the scene of the incident. The article contains a description of the proposed, practically oriented, procedure designed to reveal the so-called permanent or temporary critical locations and selected results from its practical application to the emergency perimeter of the Liptovský Hrádok fire station