Práce a štúdie - Vydanie 08

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/124

Katedra leteckej dopravy, Fakulta prevádzky a ekonomiky dopravy a spojov, Žilinská univerzita v Žiline

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VÝCVIK PALUBNÝCH SPRIEVODCOV V KONTEXTE AKTUÁLNEJ BEZPEČNOSTNEJ SITUÁCIE
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Pajdlhauser, Jakub; Rostáš, Ján
The aim of this paper is to assess and analyse the threats related to unlawful interference to the air transport on which must cabin crew members focus on during training. The paper is discussing about the procedures during security threats and how the cabin crew members should act correctly in connection with illegal acts committed on board the aircraft. The paper analyses and compares the training regulations of the American FAA and the European EASA. Both European and American legislations are based on ICAO regulations, what means that the regulations of those two organizations differ only minimally. In the next part of this paper there is the short enquiry created for employees of an airlines. It was created to determine the satisfaction of cabin crew members with security training and also to identify the deficiency in the security training. By analysing the answers, we found out that quite often there are unruly passengers on board the aircraft. Almost every respondent has experienced such a situation. The main deficiency in the security training is about the practical part. Most respondents would place more emphasis on the duration of practical training for cabin crew members. Another shortage is the lack of training materials for cabin crew members to better understand the issue of security threats. Based on analysis of regulations and evaluation of the enquiry, we suggested new recommendations for the security training of cabin crew. The aim of these recommendations is to improve the security training for cabin crew members and thus positively contribute to increase the level of aviation security.
Práce a štúdie - celé vydanie č.8
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020)
KONCEPT NÁRODNÉHO LETECKÉHO DOPRAVCU V SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKE: VÝCHODISKÁ A POTENCIÁL
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Jakubík, Matúš; Tomová, Anna
Slovak Republic, as one of the few countries in the European Union, does not have its own flag carrier airline. Several domestic airlines tried to survive on the Slovak air transport market, however, the influence of various exogenous and internal factors led to their decline. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to design a concept of an air carrier, taking into account the current market, in which it would have sufficient potential to establish itself. By examining the legislative framework relevant to the European Economic Area, this paper seeks to provide a conceptual overview of the various forms of subsidies in aviation, as a contribution to a more holistic understanding of an economic relationship between the carrier and the state. Based on a purposive sampling methodology for the selection of individual decisions of the European Commission, existing forms of subsidies and the possibility of their application for the proposed concept of an air carrier are identified and categorized. By constructively evaluating the analytical document prepared in 2018, the paper draws attention to the incomplete and irrelevant outputs of the "Analysis of the establishment of a national air carrier". These relate in particular to the carrier's financial management estimates, the proposed route network, the absence of an in-depth analysis of the end markets and the design of the air carrier's business model. Moreover, this paper examines the link between the air transport industry and macroeconomic indicators of Slovakia, and indicates the trends and identified consumer behavior of domestic passengers. The output of the performed analysis and observations is the design of a hybridized business model with predominant aspects of traditional air carriers. This business model specifies the nature of the services provided, the target segments of passengers, the network of routes and frequencies, horizontal cooperation with partner carriers, pricing policy, ownership structure and recommendations for the air carrier's fleet. This paper also identifies threats arising from the complex market environment, which is demonstrably influenced by the passive policy of the state in matters of air transport development. Among other things, it emphasizes the growing tendencies of competing carriers and the threat of adverse economic cycle changes. In connection with the threats, it outlines individual scenarios of their fulfillment and the risks, which the proposed air carrier should approach rationally.
IMPLEMENTÁCIA PALIVOVÝCH ČLÁNKOV V ALTERNATÍVNEJ POHONNEJ SÚSTAVE LETÚNOV
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Valentovičová, Laura; Čerňan, Jozef
This paper is focused on the research of the implementation of fuel cells in an alternative aircraft propulsion system. Regarding the fact that the world’s population is growing and fossil fuel reserves are gradually depleting, the aviation industry considers fuel cells as a substitute for traditional aircraft propulsion systems. The first chapter deals with the generation of thrust in aircraft propulsion units, where the principle of thrust generation is defined as well as the factors affecting it. This chapter further compares engine thrust generation with jet propulsion and propeller propulsion and includes division of aircraft propulsion units, too. The second chapter begins with the history of the origin, development, analysis, and principle of operation of fuel cells. The chapter also includes information about the hydrogen fuel cell, description of hydrogen production and its fundamental information, and the use of hydrogen or fuel cells in aviation. The possibilities of using fuel cells in the creation of alternative aircraft propulsion, where the analysis of the issue is defined from the point of view of several companies, are discussed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to the socio-economic problem of an alternative aircraft propulsion system based on fuel cells. Comparison of the overall effectiveness of two propulsion units (namely turboprop engine and fuel cell combined with electric motor) resulting in the fuel cell being favourable due to its greater efficiency is included as well. The chapter defines the application of fuel cells not only in aircraft propulsion system but emphasises their other advantageous functions. The fourth chapter is concluded with the description of the role of hydrogen and fuel cells from an environmental point of view as well as economic challenges in commercialisation. In conclusion, although the costs of the implementation of fuel cells are significantly higher than combustion engine costs, the overall costs should be comparable after a longer period of fuel cell operation due to their higher efficiency and thus lower fuel consumption.
SPACE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AKO NOVÁ VÝZVA KOMERČNÉHO LETECTVA
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Mrňa, Dominik; Materna, Matúš
This paper deals with the issue of space traffic management. Today, this system is fully applied only to the monitoring, coordination and regulation of satellites in Earth's orbits. The discussion on the future possibilities of passenger transport using suborbital flights is currently coming to the foreground, today. The space traffic management system will be of great commercial importance in the future. In its introduction, the work deals with the possibilities of using space from the point of view of valid international legislation. A new summary definition of the term space traffic management is created using the method of linguistic analysis. The work is further analyzed and summarized the current initiatives of individual organizations and states. Finally, the work focuses on the European concept of application of space traffic management to support suborbital travel.
NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA PROTOTYPU VZDUCHOM POHÁŇANEJ VRTULE PRE ŠPECIÁLNE VYUŽITIE
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Frťalová, Petra; Čerňan, Jozef
Nowadays, there is an increasing emphasis on innovation. Manufacturers are forced to constantly improve their products. Innovations take place also in aviation. Not only manufacturers but also consumers of aviation products and services accentuate the highest possible efficiency of products, both economically and ecologically. This paper provides a theoretical insight into the possible future of aviation by the development of a new type of aircraft propeller. The first part of this paper provides theoretical knowledge of propellers and lift. The second part consist of theoretical design of propeller powered by compressed air from external source. The model of such propeller is created in 3D CAD software. Very last part of this paper is the construction of such model by using a 3D printer to create the components of propeller, joining its parts into one prototype. The last part also contains the results of testing and provides ideas for further improvement.
OPTIMALIZÁCIA VYHĽADÁVANIA OSÔB ZA POMOCI TERMOVÍZNEHO SKENU PROSTRIEDKOV UAV
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Nosál, Ľubomír; Pecho, Pavol
The main aim of the paper is to optimalize person search by using UAV with infrared camera. Author’s goal is to confirm experiment which he came up with and to also confirm theoretical knowledge about the discussed matter. The objective of the paper is to look at the problem from as many views as possible. Every point of view has to be analyzed and optimal solution for the problem should be found. In order to use technical devices one has to understand how the machines work and understand the basic pricinples which the machines are based on. Working principles of infrared cameras are interpreted also the radiation which every object emits and which the camera scans is described. In the master paper are analyzed study cases from real search and rescue missions. The solutions of these study cases are proposed by using UAV with infrared camera. The most important part of the paper is the experimenthal phase. The optimal angle which the camera is mounted under the UAV is solved and discussed. Also the factors which affect the camera during the flight are evaluated. At the end of the paper one can find concept how to fight COVID-19 by using knowledge acquired from the paper.
MOŽNOSTI VYUŽITIA SIMULÁTORA ESCAPE LIGHT V PROCESE VÝUČBY PREDMETU MANAŽMENT LETOVEJ PREVÁDZKY
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Holocsyová, Lenka; Materna, Matúš
In pursuance of this paper we have proposed the possibilities of applying Escape Light simulator in the process of the Air Traffic Management education. This subject is a part of the engineering study at the Department of Air Transport at the University of Žilina. The ESCAPE Light simulator, which is available at the department, is currently unused. In this paper we have proposed a way in which it would be possible to apply the simulator, with a current designed simulations, to the practical education of the subject. We have designed a new curriculum for the practical and theoretical part of education as well. The content of the theoretical education of the first part of the Air Traffic Management subject consists of the content that is mostly usable in the following exercises with the simulator. The second part is devoted to the study of international organizations influencing the provision and providers of air navigation services, unexpected and emergency situations in aviation. The lectures are proposed to create a clear orientation in air traffic management, procedures and processes. During the practical education, students will participate 10 exercises with the Escape Light simulator during two semesters. We have designed the traning with this device in a way, in wich every student will learn how to control simulator in both positions, as an air traffic cotroller and pseudopilot as well. Students will learn the procedures of establishing radio contact, estimates of headings, assignment of flight levels with the relevant aviation phraseology. Students will also learn operating procedures, working with flight strips and a radar situation display.
ANALÝZA A NÁVRH LETOVÝCH POSTUPOV SCHVÁLENEJ VÝCVIKOVEJ ORGANIZÁCIE LVVC
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Chrkavý, Martin; Topolčány, Roman
The aim of this paper is to analyse and propose operational procedures for student pilots and flight personnel of LVVC, which could become part of operational manual of Approved Training Organisation. This paper is logically divided into several parts. In the first one the author is discussing legislation requirements for need of introducing the operation manual into the administrative structure of Approved training Organisation. In the second part the author is looking into how the structure of operational documentation should look like. Next part is focusing on detailed proposal of normal/non-normal operational procedures for student pilots and flight personnel of Approved Training Organisation for VFR training and IFR training as well. Next chapters are dealing with introducing these procedures into the operational manual and subsequent usage of these procedures in the process of educating student pilots of LVVC and with several other parts of operational manual.
VPLYV NEHOMOGÉNNOSTI POVRCHU VPD 13/31 NA BRZDNÉ ÚČINKY LIETADLA NA LETISKU V BRATISLAVE
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Krnáč, Dominik; Pecho, Pavol
The paper deals with the problem of braking effects. It is essential to thoroughly analyze the current state and cause of the problem. In this case it is a partially reconstructed RWY 13/31, which during the measurement of braking effects shows significantly lower braking coefficients in the reconstructed part and in general part of the new concrete appears to be inhomogeneous. Optical observations also show clear differences, for example during various meteorological phenomena. Currently, the critical part of the track is monitored and published by NOTAM as "slippery when wet". The current situation is not optimal at all, as during the winter period the critical part of the RWY may show significantly lower braking performance and thus be dangerous to flight operations. Furthermore, RWY analysis in terms of structure is included. In the experimental part, there are measured the braking effects on the track and are compared with the effects measured before CB plates replacement. At the end there is proposed a measure to improve the properties and its technical evaluation.
VYHODNOTENIE OPODSTATNENOSTI KÚPY A UVEDENIA LIETADLA DO KOMERČNEJ PREVÁDZKY)
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) László, Michal; Urminský, Tomáš
The issue of assessing the condition of an aircraft at lease or sale is now becoming a frequented issue by airlines. The priority is to procure the aircraft in an acceptable technical condition and without hidden defects that could have a negative impact on its subsequent operability. Responsibility for this challenging task is taken over by experienced personnel from the continuing airworthiness management environment, with the help of certified maintenance technicians for the aircraft type. The article is focused on the evaluation of the condition of the aircraft of the turboprop aircraft ATR 72-212 for regional air connections. The subject of the analysis were its main components - engines, landing gear, propellers, reducers. These components together form a major part of the value of the aircraft and therefore it is important to focus on them in detail. The requirement was a minimum 2-year maintenance-free condition to ensure the operational needs of the airline. In the model situation, we then consider conversion to the cargo version after 2 years of operation. The conclusion of the article presents the total costs associated with overhauls and replacement of components and management of work associated with the re-commissioning.
MOŽNOSTI VYUŽITIA ODNÁMRAZOVACIEHO POOLU NA LETISKU LKPR
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Straková, Silvia; Kazda, Antonín
The paper deals with the possibilities of using the the de-icing pool at a selected airport. The selected airport for this paper was Prague / Ruzyňe Airport. The current state of de-icing is not ideal. In the winter, there are situations when icing forms on aircraft and it is necessary to remove it. The problem arises when there are more aircraft to be cleaned from icing, but they can only be de-iced by companies which they had concluded contracts. This causes inefficient use of de-icing vehicles. The final work describes the current method of de-icing on the airport. Part of the work ic the characteristics of the airport, including information about de-icing stands, de-icing fluid warehouses and de-icing providers. From the information provided by Prague Airport, a comprehensive overview of information on the current capacities of providers, their vehicles and employees is created. The work also present data on the amounts of liquid used. The following are the legislative requirements for the de.icing pool and some examples of pooling from other areas. The work also provides the reader with specific proposals for de-icing pools, and based on what-if analysis, their benefits and risks associated with their implementation are evaluated. The last part presents a proposal for an optimal model of the de-icing pool for Prague Airport.
RIEŠENIE VTOL PRE UAV S FIXNÝMI NOSNÝMI PLOCHAMI
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Sisák, Tomáš; Škultéty, Filip
This paper focuses on solving the problem of vertical takeoff and landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle with fixed bearing surfaces. The introduction describes the two most commonly used types of UAVs, emphasizing the positive and the negative properties of the UAVs. Furthermore, the work describes vertical takeoff and landing of aircraft and the design of the arrangement of airfoils and fuselage for individual UAV. The next chapter focuses on the selection of correct material and the process of building a UAV. The following chapter is devoted to the used electronics, describing each component separately, but at the same time, describing the electronic components necessary for the vertical takeoff and landing of the so-called pixhawk precisely. The main idea is to introduce the functioning of the sole component and the correct setting using a computer program. At the end of the work, there are calculations that are necessary to determine the operating values such as the speed range and the multiples for safe operations of the UAVs. These calculations are obtained computationally but also by simulation, using the XFLR5 program. With the help of this paper, reader can build, set up and fly with an unmanned aerial vehicle with fixed surfaces and vertical takeoff and landing by himself..
NÁVRH A REALIZÁCIA SPÚŠŤACIEHO SYSTÉMU EXPERIMENTÁLNEHO MOTORA SHAKER
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Šlenker, Filip; Čerňan, Jozef
The aim of this paper is to design and construct a starting system for the experimental single-jet engine SHAKER. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical knowledge about turbine engines. It provides information on the principle of engine operation, working cycle and individual parts of the turbine engine. The second chapter describes turbine engine systems. It specifically focuses only on systems that are necessary for the operation of such a small experimental engine. The third chapter describes the design of the SHAKER engine and its parts. The fourth part of the paper includes the methodology and the desing of the starting system modeled on a computer with a 3D CAD software Creo Parametric. The actual implementation of the desing as well as the testing of the starting system are described and documented in the last chapter.
VYUŽITIE AUTONÓMNYCH SYSTÉMOV UAV PRE PODMIENKY ZÁCHRANNÝCH ZLOŽIEK
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Leitner, Martin; Pecho, Pavol
The use of drones is slowly becoming an integral part of our lives. They are used every day and new ways of use are constantly emerging in various areas. One of the easiest way is to use them for entertainment, but there are also a large number of professional users. Their largest users include the military, but they are also used for aerial monitoring, mapping and various other services. As in civil aviation, as well as for UAV users, it is necessary to correct the current legislation, which is also included in the work. In the paper we will investigate the use of UAVs by armed force and rescue units. In this area, they have the opportunity to make full use of their main advantage, and that is how to get to places where access is difficult. In addition, their use does not require a pilot on board and does not endanger his life, as is the case with helicopters. In this work, we will design a flight path for a drone to cover the area as effectively as possible and thus help the rescue services to be more efficient in the search for missing persons. The flight path design will be created in the Dronedeploy program and will be planned for three types of terrain at different initial settings to allow comparison of these flights. Tables and figures are added to each flight to help the reader better understand the flight suggestions.
NÁVRH A VYUŽITIE DIDAKTICKÝCH MATERIÁLNYCH PROSTRIEDKOV V RÁMCI ŠTUDIJNÉHO PROGRAMU TECHNOLÓGIA ÚDRŽBY LIETADIEL
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Martonka, Pavol; Škultéty, Filip
The need for continuously increasing the quality of practical training and study process for students of the aircraft maintenance technology study program is necessary given the high standard of aviation safety. As part of the tendency to meet this need, the aim of this paper is to design and create a teaching aid. This would not be possible without enough literature and materials to work with, materials from field of maintenance training legislation, variety of teaching materials covering the subject matter of this paper and many others. The main purpose of the paper was to create a didactic material means, which in fact is a modified wing of the Zlín Z-142 airplane. Modification of the wing consists in removal of certain parts of the skin, which ended up in revealing critical and important parts of the wing construction and its systems. All this resulted in creation of proper teaching aid to satisfy the needs of teaching and practical training of specific maintenance procedures. By placing the modified wing and the theory which comes with it into the curriculums of maintenance training it is possible to use these means actively in the education and training processes.
OBCHODNÉ A PERSONÁLNE VZŤAHY V LETECTVE
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Lešková, Mária; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
The paper is focused on business and personal relations in the air transport. The aim was to define the basic legal framework of aviation business. The most important was to identify the condition and regulations for airlines and air school licencing, operation permission for non- commercial aviation-special aerial works and operation permission for airports. The paper deals with contractual relations that have an impact on the business of airlines and are necessary for the proper functioning of air transport. The work points out the most important statutes of international, European or national legal rules which regulate relations in civil aviation, whether commercial or personnel. According to business obligations which are related to trade and business of commercial companies- airlines or airports, or in terms of personnel relations between employee and employer, which are mostly regulated by the Labor Code in the Slovak Republic.
EKONOMICKO-PRÁVNE ASPEKTY REGIONÁLNYCH LETÍSK SR V PODMIENKACH EÚ
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Remencová, Tatiana; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
This paper is focused on economic and legal aspects of regional airports. There is analyzed the legal regulation of the issue of regional airports in the EU with regard to their financing from state sources. The paper describes the European Union's position on regional airports, its main challenges and the strategies applicated in this area. Subsequently, it focuses on the regional airports of the Slovak Republic, analyses its current business models and its actual situation. Through this analysis, it tries to determine a suitable model for airports in the Slovak Republic. The output of this paper is a comprehensive summary of the issue of regional airports and the selection of a suitable business model for airports in the Slovak Republic.
MOŽNOSTI REKLAMY V PROSTREDÍ LETECKEJ DOPRAVY
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Fábik, Miroslav; Badánik, Benedikt
The aim of this paper is an analysis and research of an advertisement success rate on the additional and the commission services of low-cost airlines. As an analysis method of the research we choose a questionnaire. Its goal was to identify a perception of the additional services advertisement and a form of the promotion from the passenger’s perspective. From the analysis results of the questionnaire participants were concluded drawbacks in form of an advertisement serving and an incorrect aiming of the additional services advertisement. Component of the paper evaluation are recommendations for a higher effectiveness of the additional services seller’s strategy and a reduction of a negative perception on the form of advertisement promotion for the additional and the commission services of the low-cost airlines.
NÁVRH A IMPLEMENTÁCIA PLÁNOVACIEHO MODULU ÚDRŽBY PRE AUSTRIAN AIRLINES TECHNIK – BRATISLAVA
(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2020) Kovács, Ladislav; Tencer, Lukáš
This article focuses on acquainting the reader with the issue of heavy maintenance planning. The article is based on the paper, in which the issue is described in detail the work is focused on the design and implementation of a maintenance planning module for Austrian Airlines Technik - Bratislava. The beginning of the work acquaints the reader with the current state in the organization and describes the basic concepts and documents for understanding the issue it further analyzes the input data needed to design the module. The core of the work describes the design of the module. However, the design of the module is insufficient for evaluation and therefore the module is partially implemented in real operation. After implementation comes monitoring and optimization of anomalies that were detected during monitoring. After optimization, there is a part where it is possible to evaluate what benefits the module will bring to the organization. The conclusion of the paper deals with the overall evaluation of the work..