Práce a štúdie - Vydanie 09

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.uniza.sk/handle/hdluniza/408

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Calculation and simulation of the parachutist's movement from the jump from the aircraft to landing on the ground
(University of Zilina, 2021) Beník, Martin; Kováčik, Ľubomír
In this article, we focus on the movement of the parachutist from the jump from the plane to the impact on the ground. By creating a mathematical model based on Newton's second law, we create simulations, based on which we can determine whether the movement of a parachutist after jumping from a plane is a "free fall", or whether the action of forces and his position in the air affects the direction of his flight.
Aerodynamic profile drag
(University of Zilina, 2021) Sabo, Matej; Bugaj, Martin
Higher awareness of aviation sustainability and environmental impact creates more research on profile drag reduction. The basic principles of aerodynamic profile drag are described and its role within the total drag. The boundary layer is defined using mathematical and physical principles of fluid dynamics. There are two types of movement inside the boundary layer: laminar and turbulent. In these, their impact on profile drag is analysed. The profile drag of a wing has two sources: form drag and friction drag. Applications with the most impact, throughout history, on both types of drag reductions were reviewed. Because most of the total drag comes from friction, researchers focus more on it compared to form drag. The significant way of reducing friction drag is postponing the transition of laminar flow into turbulent. The control of laminar flow became crucial for reducing friction drag. In the last two decades, European Union supported multiple projects concerning laminar flow control. These advancements in the field are starting to get implemented and tested on new aircraft by manufactures.
CPDLC, effects on increasing efficiency and safety in air traffic (system substitute for GA)
(University of Zilina, 2021) Pätoprstý, Matúš; Novák, Andrej
The paper focuses on the CPDLC. We aim to examine its effects on air traffic efficiency and safety, we also look through options of creating a substitute of the system for general aviation. CPDLC is datalink communication between controller and pilot, via text messages. Introduction is dedicated to principles of operating CPDLC system. In the next chapter we talk about the effects of the system on efficiency and safety of air traffic. We describe systems responsible for increasing efficiency and decreasing density of radio frequencies. We also examine effects on safety of air traffic and security of the system itself. Fifth chapter is an analysis of communication networks, suitable for creating a CPDLC substitute for general aviation. It encompasses dissection of different networks, which are essential when creating a new communication system. In the last chapter, we compare proposed options and evaluate their suitability for creation of a new communication system.
Increasing the safety of operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in adverse meteorological conditions
(University of Zilina, 2021) Psárska, Vanesa Viktória; Ažaltovič, Viliam
Primary obstacle in using unmanned aerial vehicles are adverse meteorological conditions. To allow more usage options in day-to-day life, it is neccesary to increase safety in such conditions. The topic of this paper is analysing possible solutions. First part discusses the current state of art and describes systems currently used. It defined meteorological conditions such as low temperature, wind, humidity and low visibility. It describes their influence on usage of remote controlled aircraft and change in their flight characteristics. Next part is devoted to analysing possible solutions and their applicability. The objective was to find out how to increase safety during adverse meteorological conditions and which technologies are best for achieving this result. Selected technologies have shown great potential and options for increasing safety are plentyfull.
Funding options of regional airports in the context of present legislation
(University of Zilina, 2021) Vyskoč, Lukáš; Remencová, Tatiana
The presented article is focused on funding options of regional airports. It describes the provision of state aid to regional airports, and it defines the regional airport, its specifications, and problems. From the view of the present legislation, it evaluates the European Union legislation and its application, it also analyses the state aid provision in civil aviation. In the context of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, it describes the situation in air transport and solves the provision of state aid to regional airports in Slovak Republic. Based on acquired knowledge and information, it suggests the changes in the legislation, and it brings a new vision how to improve the situation of regional airports not only in Slovak Republic, but also in the world.
Streamlining pilot training with new simulation technologies
(University of Zilina, 2021) Buránsky, Filip; Škvareková, Iveta
The aim of the paper is based on a theoretical analysis to define several new simulation technologies that serve to streamline pilot training. Theresult was an evaluation of the effectiveness of individual simulation technologies. Part of the paper were also developed partial goals, which conditioned the fulfillment of the main goal of the final work. The theoretical part is devoted to the analysis of current trends in air transport, the characteristics of pilot training and the use of advanced technologies in the aviation industry, the incorporation of virtual and augmented reality to improve and streamline training. Furthermore, the comparison of individual intelligent glasses based on their technical parameters and subsequent evaluation of the most suitable glasses in terms of efficiency and usability in training is investigated. The result of the work is the selection of the most suitable smart glasses due to several advantages in terms of efficiency, increased concentration and simplification of pilot training.
Creating study materials – bearings, shafts, springs and gears
(University of Zilina, 2021) Veselovský, Šimon; Janovec, Michal
The main goal of this article is to acquaint the reader with the topic of the author's bachelor's thesis. The article deals with the theoretical part of the creation of study material for bearings, shafts, spirngs and gears. its goal is to acquaint the reader with the toppic. The article introduces the mentioned machine parts, their more detailed description and practical examples of use in practice. Each chapter contains, in addition to the description, also graphic examples of the best possible use of the material in teaching. The aim is to create a comprehensive study material with practical examples in the Slovak language.
Measuring of pilot workload
(University of Zilina, 2021) Plichta, Dávid; Škvareková, Iveta
The aim of our paper is to analyse the issue of measuring of workload and subsequently carry out our own measures of pilot workload on pilots of different skill level. These measures took place in a simulator, mainly due to safety of air traffic. The chosen phase of flight had been approach and landing, which represents the most difficult phase. We had also chosen two airports, where one presents an airport known to the pilot and the other unknown. This decision relates to the opinion, that the pilot workload is significantly lower has he experience with the airport
Investigation of air accidents and their benefits for safety in CR and SR
(University of Zilina, 2021) Broczky, Filip; Novák, Andrej
The aim of this article is to focus on the facts in the field of air accidents and to analyse the current situation, which could help to address the shortcomings. Air transport has been evolving over the years, resulting in some reduction in the number of air accidents. In the first part, I analyse the current state of the topic, compare the data obtained and evaluate them, which gives me a better overview of the actual events. In the second part, I deal directly with the individual steps of the investigation and their sequence. In the following sections, I analyse selected accidents and then try to work out a proposal for a solution that could be beneficial for air safety.
Weather influence on flight in mountain terrain
(University of Zilina, 2021) Galko, Róbert; Jarošová, Miriam
The aim of the paper is to approach and get acquainted with meteorological elements that occur in mountain areas and how their occurrence affects the fluidity and safety of air traffic. The first part of the work was devoted to the history of observing meteorological conditions together with the development of monitored variables, their measurement scales and units used. Subsequently, climatology and meteorology were specified as scientific disciplines and weather in general. Furthermore, in the work we discussed in more detail the part of the atmosphere where the biggest changes in the weather and its creation take place. To illustrate the importance of monitoring and not underestimating meteorological phenomena, we emphasized the failure of the human factor in the most tragic aviation accident that occurred on the island of Tenerife. In the penultimate part of the theoretical part, we paid attention to the meteorological elements themselves, which have the greatest impact on aviation in mountainous areas. In the last theoretical part, we talked about aerial weather reports, which we also decoded. In the practical part, we characterized the airport Poprad-Tatry in terms of location in relation to the surrounding mountains and observed how the investigated meteorological elements affect the area.
Ignition systems of combustion piston engine and possibility of its optimization
(University of Zilina, 2021) Vorlíček, Marek; Čerňan, Jozef
This paper explains the basic definition of ignition, combustion and description of the ignition system functionality. The ignition systems are divided according to established criteriums into the most used types and descriptions of each ignition system components. It focuses on ignition timing and circumstances that affect it and how they influence the observed parameters. I am using ignition timing as an instrument for the observation and optimization of ignition. These practices are tested on piston engine in the practical part of this paper. It describes the modification of the timing curve, measuring of engine power and comparison between each curve. It is an analysis of engine performance under different conditions. The most efficient timing curve is chosen and further evaluated. The used engine for this paper was a rebuild from a car engine used in Trabant 601, VEB Automobilwerke automobile.
Protection against acts of unlawful interference in civil aviation in the conditions of the Slovak republic and the Czech republic
(University of Zilina, 2021) Mikulová, Deana; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
This paper which deals with the issue of “Protection against acts of unlawful interference in civil aviation in the conditions of the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic” and is divided into four main parts. The first part is focused on the basic definitions and concepts of security, which is based on the aviation regulation L17 (ANNEX 17). The second part deals with the typology of threats that pose a danger to air transport together with an indication of specific events related to illegal acts and also points out the measures taken to prevent the recurrence of such acts. Subsequently, the historical development of international legislation in this area is characterized in more detail chronologically from the oldest legal norms to the latest legislation at present. A fundamental element of this paper is a comparison of legislation of the Slovak Republic and Czech Republic. The last part presents possible visions for the future, which consist of modern and intelligent technologies that could be applied in the fight against acts of unlawful interference in the coming years.
International regulation of air freight
(University of Zilina, 2021) Sitarčík, Adam; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
This article is focused on the issue of air freight, its development, importance and current status. The article defines general knowledge in the field of civil cargo air transport as history, current global events, current measures due to the pandemic of the spread of Covid-19 and the division of airlines according to business models. It also includes the periodic development of legislation in the field of air transport freight, global and European legislation, as well as air alliances and organizations in civil aviation. The article deals with contracts in the field of air freight transport such as transport contract and agent contract. Conclusion is focused on the importance of the today's study materials in the field of air freight and also declared that this article and the bachelor thesis could stands out as a supplementary material for the professional public, which will enable them to deepen their knowledge in the field of air freight.
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the mountain rescue service
(University of Zilina, 2021) Gánovský, Martin; Kandera, Branislav
The theme of paper is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Mountain rescue service. At the beginning, a brief summary about the history and development of unmanned aerial vehicles is made, starting from the very beginning to their gradual integration into the rescue systems all around the world. This part is followed by an analysis of the currently valid Slovak legislation regulating the rules of flying with unmanned aerial vehicles on the territory of Slovak Republic, which also affects the flight operations of mountain rescuers. Author also included an analysis of the European legislation, which should gradually replace the currently valid Slovak legislation and unify the rules of operation of unmanned aerial vehicles on the territory of the member states. The third chapter describes the use of specific types of unmanned aerial vehicles used by the Mountain rescue service of Slovak Republic and also of other European countries. We focused on the operational advantages and disadvantages compared to other types of aircraft technology used in the mountain rescue systems. The last part consists of an analysis of available equipment used in conjunction with unmanned aerial vehicles during avalanche accidents. Part of the work is also researching the possible extensions of mountain rescue operations by the implementation of modern avalanche beacons attached on the unmanned vehicles. In a research we focused mainly on the possible interference caused by the operation of unmanned aerial vehicle in close vicinity of an avalanche beacon.
Implementation of a new RWY reporting system and snowtam format in slovak republic
(University of Zilina, 2021) Drábek, Marek; Kazda, Antonín
This paper presents the upcoming changes in the runway reporting format and the newly introduced SNOWTAM format. The aim of the paper is to draw comparisons between the current SNOWTAM format and the updated version applicable as of November 2021. The author analysed information from available documents published by the International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO, which describe the general conditions adopted to the new runway condition reports formulations. Since the author is enrolled in his pilot training, his objective when writing this final thesis, was to understand the issue of the changes. From this knowledge he can benefit in his future carrier. The paper points out new formats of reports of airport movement areas reporting conditions. As the new reports and techniques of reporting have not been used in real conditions yet, the author based the paper on the ICAO standards and recommended practices, ICAO and EASA guidance material. Introduction of the new methodology is expected to provide a better understanding of reports informing about contamination on movement areas, to ensure more precise aeroplane performance calculations and enhance the safety.
The coronacrisis and its impact on changes in civil aviation legislation
(University of Zilina, 2021) Verhaar, Robert; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
The paper deals with the analysis of the impact of the coronacrisis on civil aviation legislation. Its main goal is to analyse the impact of the coronacrisis and some of the measures taken to mitigate this impact on civil aviation. The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is focused on the analysis of the onset of the crisis in civil aviation caused by the spread of the COVID-19 disease and has also present the previous crises in the field of civil aviation, that had impact on civil aviation. In addition, this part of the article is focused on impacts of the coronacrisis on the condition of the civil aviation sector worldwide. The second chapter is devoted to some measures and methods proposed to mitigate the impacts of the coronacrisis on civil aviation and focuses and analyses some of the measures taken to mitigate the impact of the coronacrisis on the civil aviation. In the next chapter we describe the situation in the EU, subsequent legislation changes that were supposed to mitigate the situation as well as explaining the approach of individual EU member states to state aid towards air transport at present and the EU’s position on the issue. The fourth and last chapter describes the position of the Slovak Republic and the proposed solutions to the situation.
Modification possibilities of automotive power plant for aviation purposes: fuel system and turbocharger system
(University of Zilina, 2021) Pukač, Andrej; Čerňan, Jozef
The objective of this article is to develop and demonstrate modification of automotive engine for aviation purposes. Automotive engine in aircraft has its pros and cons, but It can be good economical alternative to power plants such as Rotax engines which can be expensive, especially in Ultralight category where the rules of certification are different than for CS-LSA or CS-23 category aircraft. In first part I analyse actual state of real engine and describe operational problems, which shall be improved for better operation in aircraft. In second part I demonstrate practical solutions of turbocharger system and fuel system. In these systems I tried to use the most modern technologies which however will be reliable enough for aviation use, where the safety is priority number one.
Legislative framework for an aircraft maintenance technician
(University of Zilina, 2021) Máčadi, Marek; Novák Sedláčková, Alena
The purpose of this paper is to create up-to-date aviation legislations study material focused on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks for future students of aircraft maintenance technology at the Air Transport Department, FPEDAS of the University of Žilina. As a relatively new studying programme, it has a lack of study materials in the field of aviation legislation, mainly in the field of aviation maintenance, whether in terms of technical requirements of aircrafts airworthiness or their certification. The first chapter of the paper is focused on a brief acquaintance with the history of aircraft maintenance and procedures applied in aircraft maintenance. We point to the modern history of aircraft maintenance, including EU legislation. In the second chapter, the work focuses on the international legal regulation of this issue as well as on the position of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Civil Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and their activities in this area. In the following chapters, the paper deals with the current regulations of the EU Commission and Parts important not only for aircraft maintenance technicians, but also for training organizations in the field of aviation maintenance. In the end the paper deals with legislation necessary for the certification of an aircraft and requirements that are applied in the operation procedures of any civil aircraft for the purposes of commercial air transport.
Flying in wave conditions, priciple of lfying in wave, history and dangers
(University of Zilina, 2021) Bajana, Ivan; Jarošová, Miriam
Flying in wave is becoming increasingly popular for pilots of gliders and sport engine airplanes. The growing trend of flying inwave conditions can be seen not only in Slovakia but almost all over the world The reason for the increase in the number of the high-altitude flights in the wave is their great potential, which has been demostrated several times in the record books. On the cotrary, for navigation and training flights, the occurence of wave current is unsuitable. It brings with it great risks and dangers that have ended tragically many times in history. For this reason, there is a long and extesive meteorological preparation behind the wave flights. The aim of wave conditions research is to provide information on how to predict wave flow, under what conditions and with at least what equipment it is possible to fly sadely in wave current and what pitfalls and risks wave wave brings with it. The result is a range of information that can be used not only for flights into the wave but also for normal navigation or training flights.
Simulations of aerodynamics
(University of Zilina, 2021) Novák, Miroslav; Bugaj, Martin
The aim of the paper is to approach the issue of simulations in aerodynamics. To describe the physical rules and basic mathematical equations, which are essential in the use of computing techniques. The paper deals with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and informations which are necessary for its understanding, the author further describes different software programs used for simulation purposes. By means of analyzing technical papers, the author compares and describes software considering to their practical use. The author also describes the aerodynamic tunnels and clarifies the basic issues related to aerodynamic tunnels and discuss factors that affect the resulting measurement quality. The author deals with methods of measuring individual physical quantities that are the interest of simulation or measurement. At the end of the paper, the author compares the specific aerodynamic tunnels and the possibilities of measurements that aerodynamics tunnels provide.