Krízový manažment
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Item Analýza rizika iniciácie usadenej vrstvy prachu smreka vybranými iniciačnými zdrojmi(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Tureková, Ivana; Marková, IvetaThe article evaluates the minimal initiation temperature and hot surface temperature of the spruce dust layer using selected ignition sources. The influence of selected physical properties of wood dust, the size of the contact area between the ignition source and the combustible material, the ignition time, and the thermally degraded area are monitored. The article describes the behaviour of a 15 mm beech dust layer (Beech Fagus silvatica L.) under the action of three potential initiating sources: a hot surface, an electric spiral, and a smouldering cigarette. Prior to the experimental determination of the minimum ignition temperature, the dust moisture was determined and the sieve analysis was performed. The lowest minimum ignition temperature on the hot plate was 280 °C. The ignition mechanism of wood dust was comparable for all initiators investigated, differing in the ignition time and the area of the thermally degraded layer. The least effective was the initiating source of the smouldering cigarette.Item Sledovanie vplyvu tepelného toku a hrúbky drevených dosiek na čas zapálenie(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Marková, Iveta; Tureková, Ivana; Ivaničová, Martina; Jaďuďová, JanaOriented strand boards (OSB) and particleboards (PB) are wooden boards, commonly used in building structures or building interiors. The surface of boards may hence become directly exposed to fire or radiant heat. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the behaviour of uncoated particleboards and OSB exposed to radiant heat. The following ignition parameters: heat flux intensity (from 43 to 50 kW.m-2) and ignition temperature were used to observe the process of particleboard and OSB ignition. The time-to-ignition of particleboards and OSB with a thickness of 12, 15, and 18 mm were monitored and compared. The experiments were conducted on a modified device in accordance with ISO 5657:1997. Results confirmed the thermal degradation of samples. Heat flux had a significant effect on time-to-ignition. OSB had a higher ignition time than particleboards and the thermal degradation of OSB started later, i.e., at a higher temperature than that of particleboards, but OSB also had a higher mass loss than particleboards. The samples yielded the same results above 47 kW.m-2 .Item Správa o konferenciách na KPI(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2023) Marková, Iveta; Svetlík, JozefThe paper presents a report on conferences (ADVANCES IN FIRE & SAFETY ENGINEERING, FIRE PROTECTION & RESCUE SERVICES), which were aimed at presenting the latest knowledge in the field of fire and safety engineering. The focus of the conferences was also the solution of current issues in the field of higher education and professional training of future experts in the field of rescue services.Item Stanovenie teploty vznietenia sena pre účely posudzovania rizík v stredných a malých poľnohospodárskych podnikoch(University of Zilina, 2022) Marková, Iveta; Giertlová, Zuzana; Hutár, MarekHot surfaces are an integral part of the technological processes of agricultural crop processing. Hot surfaces' temperature, at critical points, may exceed their minimum ignition temperature. The article aims to experimentally monitor the behaviour of hay in the event of its exposure to radiant heat. The mentioned model is implemented using a hot-plate device. The hot plate has a defined temperature-time curve. Based on the temperature-time curve, the hot surface´s temperature is determined as the minimum ignition temperature of the examined hay sample. At the same time, the temperatures inside the tested material were monitored. The heterogeneity of these samples significantly affected the nature of thermal degradation of biomass samples. The hay ignition temperature (406 ° C) can serve as a tool to assess the risk of fire.Item Ukážka spolupráce katedry požiarneho inžinierstva so závodným hasičským útvarom ZAHAS Žiar nad Hronom pri realizácií praktického cvičenia(University of Zilina, 2022) Rečlo, Rudolf; Marková, IvetaThanks to long-term cooperation between the Department of Fire Engineering with Industrial Fire Department ZAHAS in Žiar nad Hronom under the lead of JUDr. Marián Šmida, an exercise for the development of practical skills regarding firefighting equipment was conducted. Students of first-year master's degree studies, students of third-year bachelor's degree studies and three Erasmus programme students from France attended the exercise. During the practical exercise, students acquired knowledge of the equipment of water tender CAS 32 Tatra 815, extinguishing the fire using a powder handheld fire extinguisher, preparation of hoseline, working with a combined nozzle and vehicle-mounted nozzle.Item Analýza vybraných indikátorov hodnotenia zmeny klímy na území SR (pre účely podpory rozvoja záchranných služieb)(Žilinská univerzita v Žiline, 2021) Marková, Iveta; Monoši, MikulášThe development of climate change is evaluated based on trends in long-term time series (1951 - 2018) of individual climatic elements, comparing values of individual years with the standard period in climatology 1961 - 1990 (SAŽP, 2019). The aim of the article is to evaluate climate elements, namely the production of greenhouse gases, average annual air temperature, annual total atmospheric precipitation, drought index and annual soil temperature (soil index). Data presented in the article are obtained from public reports on the state of the environment in the Slovak Republic and other related documents. In 1881 - 2018, Slovakia underwent significant changes in all monitored climatic elements. The most crucial changes occurred in 2017 and 2018.