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Item Experimentálne verifikačné merania zamerané na posúdenie presnosti 3D dokumentácie trasologických stôp(University of Žilina, 2025) Adamová, Veronika; Kolla, Eduard; Szabo, LukášThe submitted article presents a partial objective of the ongoing research entitled “Investigation of the Potential of 3D Technologies in Securing and Extracting 3D Footwear Impression Traces.” This objective, also addressed within a diploma thesis, consisted of a series of experimental measurements focused on acquiring 3D models of footwear impressions created with a reference substitute shoe sole, in order to maintain repeatable conditions. The article further proposes a procedure for analysing the collected data using available software tools and for evaluating the accuracy of the applied 3D methods for documenting volumetric footwear impressions. Particular attention is devoted to the application of photogrammetry in documenting these impressions and to the subsequent extraction of their volumetric parameters along the x, y, and z axes. Such data can be especially useful for more complex biomechanical assessments, for example, when estimating physical parameters such as the perpetrator’s body weight.Item Komparatívna analýza vplyvu výšky zábradlia na priebeh relevantných dopadových údajov(University of Žilina, 2024) Kolla, Eduard; Adamová, Veronika; Szabo, LukášThe article presents a quantitative biomechanical reconstruction and analysis of a forensically relevant event—a fall of a human subject from height—and a comparative analysis of guardrail height in such incidents. The reconstruction was conducted using the multibody module of PC-Crash simulation software within a 3D model of the technically relevant parts of the building, created from a 3D point cloud of the site. The results of the analysis suggest that the height of the guardrail may have influenced the course of the event, even though the guardrail height met legislative specifications for the given balcony parameters.Item Aspekty mravnostnej kriminality v podmienkach Slovenskej republiky(University of Žilina, 2024) Adamová, Veronika; Šoltés, ViktorIn the presented article, we focused on the phenomenology of moral criminality in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, primarily derived from statistical data maintained by the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic. Emphasis was placed primarily on the analysis of the state and elucidation of selected offenses of moral criminality, their level, dynamics, and structure. The first chapter describes the fundamental theoretical foundations of the issue from the perspective of criminology (etiology of moral criminality), as well as from the perspective of criminalistics. From a criminalistic perspective, we focused on describing the criminalistic characteristics of moral offenses, which significantly contribute to understanding the causes and conditions of committing these offenses and contribute to the formulation of effective preventive measures. The result of the research and analysis is the recognition of the phenomenology of the selected criminality in domestic conditions and the description of a possible procedure and process for the prevention of moral criminality.Item Metodika tvorby a zaisťovania chodníčka bipedálnej ľudskej lokomócie(University of Žilina, 2023) Šimčeková, Damiána; Adamová, VeronikaA part of specific methods in criminalistics applied in practice is tracology, used for obtaining and documenting evidence from crime scenes. Tracology deals with various types of evidence, including footprints, tire tracks, and footwear. We must not overlook traces left by lips, teeth, or other parts of the human body. This work describes the creation of a human locomotion pathway on a surface. The pathway is generated by the coloured soles of an individual walking to collect documents. In a real-life scenario, we can envision a situation where a perpetrator steps in the victim's blood and then walks across a carpet, leaving traces in the process. After leaving these traces, a forensic expert can secure and extract necessary information from them. This information may include parameters such as the length of a single step or a pair of steps, which can subsequently be used in mathematical models to estimate the body height of the individual. The presented article focuses on the approach to the field of tracology, which represents a distinct scientific discipline within the realm of criminalistics. Specifically, in this article, our emphasis is on presenting the measurement and data collection process in connection with the resolution of an institutional grant project.Item 3D modelovanie pre potreby simulačnej rekonštrukcie pádu ľudského subjektu z výšky(University of Žilina, 2023) Kolla, Eduard; Adamová, VeronikaThe article presents the methodology for 3D modelling for biomechanical evaluation of falls from the height of a human subject. It focuses on 3D modelling as a base for numerical simulation using multibody modules in the PC-Crash simulation software. Basic steps for the creation of a 3D multibody model of the relevant building structure from a 3D point cloud are presented, as well as the procedure for the creation of a biofidelic female human body model. The multibody model of building structure and a multibody model of the human body can be in the following steps used for comprehensive parametric evaluation of possible fall scenarios using the iterative approach for convergence of trace correspondences.